annexure-f_eskom-comments-of-the-draft-emission-standards-to-direct-general-dea-24-august-2009-1-217fae1117217c92.pdf

A 2009 statement from Eskom to the South African Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA) regarding draft minimum emission standards. Eskom expresses support for the standards as a long-term goal but argues that the proposed timeframes and limit values are practically and financially unfeasible for its existing power station fleet due to resource constraints and economic impacts.

• Eskom estimates that the capital expenditure required to meet the proposed emission standards across all existing plants would be R100 billion.
• The implementation of Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD) technology to meet SO2 standards is constrained by water and sorbent availability. FGD requires 6 to 10 Mm³/annum of water per station, with no additional water available for the Highveld area until at least 2018. Sorbent requirements are estimated at 500,000 to 700,000 tons per year per station, and the availability of local quality sorbent is undetermined.
• Eskom argues that requiring existing power stations to comply with new plant standards within eight years is too restrictive. They request the removal of the 5-year limit for exemption periods and suggest a compliance framework that considers security of electricity supply and the cost of electricity.
• Eskom proposes specific revisions to emission limits for existing plants to align with measured values: a NOx limit of 1700 mg/Nm³ (instead of 1100 mg/Nm³) and an SO2 limit of 4000 mg/Nm³.
• Regarding Particulate Matter (PM), Eskom notes that new plant limits are already met at stations with fabric filter plants (Hendrina, Majuba, Arnot, and half of Duvha). However, retrofitting fabric filter plants to a 6 by 600 MW station is estimated to cost between R1.2 and R1.8 billion.
• Eskom requests that minimum emission standards not apply to the underground coal gasification (UCG) process and gas, suggesting that limits be set based on data from a 40 MW UCG demonstration plant planned for 2014.

APA

Centre for Environmental Rights (n.d.). annexure-f_eskom-comments-of-the-draft-emission-standards-to-direct-general-dea-24-august-2009-1-217fae1117217c92.pdf. https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Annexure-F_Eskom-comments-of-the-draft-emission-standards-to-Direct-general-DEA-24-August-2009-1.pdf?x21779

Chicago

Centre for Environmental Rights. annexure-f_eskom-comments-of-the-draft-emission-standards-to-direct-general-dea-24-august-2009-1-217fae1117217c92.pdf. n.d. https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Annexure-F_Eskom-comments-of-the-draft-emission-standards-to-Direct-general-DEA-24-August-2009-1.pdf?x21779.

Wikipedia

{{cite press release |author=Centre for Environmental Rights |title=annexure-f_eskom-comments-of-the-draft-emission-standards-to-direct-general-dea-24-august-2009-1-217fae1117217c92.pdf |url=https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Annexure-F_Eskom-comments-of-the-draft-emission-standards-to-Direct-general-DEA-24-August-2009-1.pdf?x21779 |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@misc{centreforenvironmentalrightsndannexurefeskomcommentsofthedraftemissionstandardstodirectgeneraldea24august20091217fae1117217c92pdf, author = {{Centre for Environmental Rights}}, title = {{annexure-f\_eskom-comments-of-the-draft-emission-standards-to-direct-general-dea-24-august-2009-1-217fae1117217c92.pdf}}, publisher = {Centre for Environmental Rights}, url = {https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Annexure-F_Eskom-comments-of-the-draft-emission-standards-to-Direct-general-DEA-24-August-2009-1.pdf?x21779}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }