Fractures in the Bridge

The report argues that unconventional oil and gas (UOG) development, specifically hydraulic fracturing, poses significant risks to human health, water and air quality, and climate stability. It highlights strong evidence linking UOG to adverse birth outcomes and asthma, while noting that methane leakage undermines the role of natural gas as a 'bridge fuel'. The document calls for a rapid transition to renewable energy and recommends that Canadian provinces and territories implement moratoria on new fracking development.

• Hydraulic fracturing involves the injection of a mixture of sand, chemicals, and fluid at high pressure to release oil or gas from low-permeability rock. Over 1,000 different chemicals have been used in these fluids, many of which are known or suspected carcinogens, endocrine disruptors, or reproductive and developmental toxicants.

APA

Macfarlane, R., & Perrotta, K. (2020). Fractures in the Bridge. Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment. https://cape.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/CAPE-Fracking-Report-EN.pdf

Chicago

Macfarlane, Ronald, and Kim Perrotta. Fractures in the Bridge. Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment, 2020. https://cape.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/CAPE-Fracking-Report-EN.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Macfarlane |first1=Ronald |last2=Perrotta |first2=Kim |title=Fractures in the Bridge |publisher=Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment |date=January 2020 |url=https://cape.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/CAPE-Fracking-Report-EN.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{macfarlane2020fractures, author = {Macfarlane, Ronald and Perrotta, Kim}, title = {{Fractures in the Bridge}}, institution = {Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment}, year = {2020}, month = jan, url = {https://cape.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/CAPE-Fracking-Report-EN.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }