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This case study by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) evaluates the feasibility of beef cattle farming and fish cultivation as alternative livelihoods for oil palm smallholder farmers in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The research focuses on diversifying income to mitigate risks associated with climate change, market price volatility, and the long productivity lead times of oil palm plantations.

The Central Kalimantan: High Conservation Value Provincial Assessment, produced by the Palangka Raya Institute for Land Use and Agricultural Research (PILAR) and the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI), identifies biological, ecological, social, and cultural values in Central Kalimantan to inform sustainable land use and regional spatial planning.

This executive summary describes a study on High Conservation Value (HCV) areas in Central Kalimantan province, conducted by the Palangkaraya Institute for Land Use+Agricultural Research (PILAR) and the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI). The report identifies critical biological, ecological, social, and cultural values to inform sustainable land-use planning and the province's Strategic Environmental Assessment (KLHS).

This report evaluates four oil palm smallholder models in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. It finds that cooperative and company-managed plasma models significantly outperform individual partnerships and independent smallholders in terms of yield and profitability. Cooperative models are highlighted as the most beneficial for sustainable livelihoods and risk mitigation, provided there is transparency and accountability. Independent smallholders are the most vulnerable, facing systemic barriers to finance, quality inputs, and market access.