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This case study analyzes the relationship between water management and poverty in Senegal. While the country has made progress toward drinking water targets, sanitation remains a challenge, especially in rural areas. Agriculture consumes the vast majority of water withdrawals, and there is an increasing, potentially unsustainable reliance on groundwater. The report highlights that meeting food security goals will require nearly tripling water for agricultural food supply. Furthermore, climate change poses severe risks, with sea level rise potentially impacting 5-10% of GDP and 10% of the population.