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This policy brief advocates for treating water and sanitation as strategic assets to ensure peace, energy, and food security in Africa. It calls for the adoption of a Water-Energy-Food (WEF) nexus approach and Strategic Asset Management (SAM) to address a $1 trillion infrastructure gap by 2040. The brief emphasizes that water insecurity acts as a threat multiplier for conflict, particularly in the Sahel and Horn of Africa, and recommends integrating water governance into the African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA) to mitigate risks and promote regional stability.

This case study by the Stockholm Environment Institute, commissioned by the African Development Bank, examines the linkages between water management and poverty reduction in Ethiopia. It analyzes the country's water resources, agricultural dependencies, and the challenges of meeting Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for water supply and sanitation, while proposing strategies for small-scale irrigation and rainwater harvesting to improve food security and rural livelihoods.