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This research paper analyzes the December 20, 2023, general elections in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), examining the political landscape, the roles of electoral institutions, and the impact of regional instability and natural resource competition on the democratic process.

This report provides an update on the transitional period in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), focusing on the Kivu provinces as of May 2004. It details the failure of the Transitional Government (TG) to unify military and administrative structures, the persistence of violence and poverty, and the ongoing tensions surrounding the nationality of the Banyarwanda and the influence of Rwanda.

This briefing by the Institute for Security Studies examines the limited effectiveness of the United Nations peacekeeping mission (MONUC) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), highlighting allegations of logistical support for rebels and the role of neighboring countries in sustaining conflict through illegal trade and arms supply.

This research paper examines the role of land tenure, migration, and competition for agricultural and pastoral land as structural and proximate causes of violent conflict in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), specifically in the Kivu provinces and Ituri Territory. The authors argue that colonial-era dual property systems and post-colonial patrimonial rule under Mobutu transformed land from a communal social asset into a currency of political power and economic wealth, marginalizing rural populations and fueling ethnic tensions.

This report by Hans Romkema of the Life & Peace Institute analyzes the conflict dynamics in the Kivu provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It argues that while foreign interventions and refugee influxes have exacerbated the situation, the root causes are grounded in long-term bad governance, disputes over land and customary rights, and ethnic tensions. The author examines the internal divisions within the RCD-G, the structure of the Mayi-Mayi militias, and the challenges of the DDRRR (disarmament, demobilization, repatriation, reintegration, and resettlement) process, particularly regarding the FDLR. The report concludes that sustainable peace requires a focus on governance, the unification of the army, and cooperative economic and security relations between the DRC and Rwanda.