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This report assesses how human migration drives land conversion and resource overexploitation in the Misotshi-Kabogo ecosystem of the Democratic Republic of Congo, threatening local species and traditional livelihoods.

This research paper examines the intersection of poor governance and the presence of unemployed former combatants in Africa, using the foiled 2004 coup attempt in Equatorial Guinea as a case study to highlight the risks of mercenary activity and the inadequacy of current legal frameworks.

This research paper examines the relationship between disarmament and the post-conflict reconciliation process in Rwanda following the 1994 genocide. It argues that while the Rwandan government has focused on reconciliation through mechanisms like the gacaca courts and regional small arms agreements, the failure to implement a comprehensive internal disarmament program for civilians and ex-combatants undermines lasting security and trust. The author highlights the complexities of disarming groups in a porous region, specifically the threat posed by Hutu militias in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and proposes integrating disarmament into the broader security sector reform and reconciliation framework.

This research paper by Oli Brown for the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the evolving relationship between environmental degradation, natural resource management, and global security. It traces the discourse from the Cold War era to the post-Cold War rise in intra-state conflicts, outlining four primary theoretical approaches to environmental security and proposing practical policy interventions to mitigate conflict driven by both resource scarcity and abundance.

The document analyzes the US shift toward supporting an African-led peacekeeping force (the African Crisis Reaction Force) following the costly 1992 intervention in Somalia. It identifies the 1996 diplomatic push for the ACRF as a result of crises in the Great Lakes region, US domestic political pressures under the Clinton Administration, and the 1996 US election cycle.

This research paper by the Institute for Security Studies examines the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). It details the scale of attacks, the strategic intent behind the violence to destabilize communities, and the systemic failures that allow impunity, while suggesting regional political pressure and gender-focused conflict resolution as remedies.

This monograph examines the peace process in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), focusing on the Lusaka Peace Agreement and the role of the United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUC) in managing the transition from conflict to stability.

This document is a keynote address delivered by Hon. Okello Oryem Henry, Uganda's Minister of State for Foreign Affairs, at a roundtable conference titled "State of the Union 2030: Security Threats and Responses" held in Kampala, Uganda, in July 2009. The address outlines potential security threats facing Africa leading up to 2030 and suggests areas for analysis to inform the African Union's peace and security strategies.

This research paper by the Institute for Security Studies examines the operational challenges facing the Southern African Development Community (SADC) Organ for Politics, Defence and Security (OPDS). It analyzes the Organ's evolution since its 1996 creation, focusing on the tension between state sovereignty and regional collaboration, the impact of socio-economic crises like HIV/AIDS on security forces, and the limited administrative capacity of the SADC Secretariat. The authors argue that while the region possesses strong political solidarity and a comprehensive security architecture, its efficacy is hindered by financial constraints and a precarious international environment.

This report by the South African Institute of International Affairs analyzes the Strategic Partnership between the European Union (EU) and South Africa, focusing on the second Heads of State meeting held in Cape Town on 11 September 2009. It examines the shift from a development-focused relationship to a high-level political alliance aimed at addressing global issues, trade, and regional stability in Africa.

This policy briefing by the South African Institute of International Affairs analyzes the political economy of peace in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), arguing that regional peace agreements are shaped by the shifting economic power between the eastern Kivus and the southern Katanga province.