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The document identifies six critical ecosystem challenges—water scarcity, climate change, habitat change, biodiversity loss and invasive species, overexploitation of oceans, and nutrient overloading—that threaten the integrity of ecosystems and the services they provide to businesses. It references the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA), which found that human activity has altered ecosystems faster and more extensively than ever before in the last 50 years and that the majority of the 24 assessed ecosystem services are degraded. The MA categorizes these services into provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting services.