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The report examines the Indonesia Morowali Industrial Park (IMIP), highlighting a labor system where IMIP acts as a central distributor for approximately 40 tenant companies. It details systemic issues including non-transparent recruitment, sporadic worker transfers without consent, and wages that often fall below the district minimum, forcing workers into excessive overtime. The document links these conditions, along with inadequate safety equipment and health services, to a high rate of fatal work accidents. It further analyzes the dominance of Chinese investment via the Belt and Road Initiative and argues that the government's 'downstreaming' policy has failed to reduce poverty in nickel-producing provinces.

The policy brief argues that the USD 8.5 billion Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) in South Africa relies on a 'de-risking' model that prioritises private finance and Independent Power Producers (IPPs), shifting commercial risks to the state and consumers. This approach is criticised for potentially worsening South Africa's debt profile, increasing energy poverty through higher tariffs, and undermining local renewable energy manufacturing. The authors suggest alternatives including the regulation of PPPs, debt cancellation of 'odious debt' (such as World Bank loans for the Medupi plant), climate reparations, and the implementation of allocative green credit policies to direct investment toward productive, labour-intensive green industries.

The document critiques the South African JETP for prioritising blended finance and public-private partnerships (PPPs), which the authors argue shifts commercial risk to the state while privatising gains. It highlights how this model can increase energy poverty through higher tariffs and hinder local renewable energy manufacturing. The brief suggests alternatives such as regulating private finance, pursuing debt cancellation and climate reparations, and implementing allocative green credit policies.