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A mixed-methods study in Madre de Dios, Peru, found that while 90% of residents recognize rodents as disease transmitters and see them in their homes, there is a significant lack of knowledge regarding specific rodent-borne illnesses and a low perceived risk of infection. Key informants noted a perceived increase in rodent populations following the construction of the Inter-Oceanic Highway, yet this has not led to increased disease awareness. Furthermore, health providers lack specific diagnostic tools for rodent-borne illnesses, potentially leading to the underestimation of the disease burden and the under-diagnosis of conditions such as leptospirosis.

The report details the traditional ecological knowledge and resource governance of communities in the Sariska Tiger Reserve, while highlighting systemic challenges regarding land tenure, relocation, and the lack of basic amenities.