Monitoring Implementation and Effects of GHG Mitigation Policies: Steps to Develop Performance Indicators

This working paper provides a framework for policymakers to develop performance indicators to monitor the implementation and effects of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions mitigation policies, building on the GHG Protocol Policy and Action Standard and the Climate Policy Implementation Tracking Framework.

• The process for developing performance indicators for monitoring GHG mitigation policies consists of three primary steps: formulating a list of potential indicators, selecting the specific indicators to be used for monitoring, and the subsequent collection and monitoring of data.
• Policy monitoring indicators are categorized into five main types: input indicators (tracking resource delivery), activity indicators (tracking actions by the implementing authority), and results-based indicators which include intermediate effect, GHG effects, and non-GHG effects indicators. The paper also notes the use of transformation indicators for monitoring change at the economy or sector level.
• To shortlist feasible and relevant indicators from a broader list, the paper proposes six evaluation principles: indicators must be policy relevant, representative of various types, based on cost-effective or available data, supportive of comparisons between policies, unambiguous and understandable, and reported frequently enough to track meaningful change.
• The final stage of the process is data collection, which requires establishing specific data needs for each indicator, determining if existing data is usable, identifying collection methods for new data, and creating a formal monitoring plan to document the system.

APA

World Resources Institute (n.d.). Monitoring Implementation and Effects of GHG Mitigation Policies: Steps to Develop Performance Indicators. https://www.wri.org/research/monitoring-implementation-and-effects-ghg-mitigation-policies-steps-develop-performance

Chicago

World Resources Institute. Monitoring Implementation and Effects of GHG Mitigation Policies: Steps to Develop Performance Indicators. n.d. https://www.wri.org/research/monitoring-implementation-and-effects-ghg-mitigation-policies-steps-develop-performance.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=World Resources Institute |title=Monitoring Implementation and Effects of GHG Mitigation Policies: Steps to Develop Performance Indicators |url=https://www.wri.org/research/monitoring-implementation-and-effects-ghg-mitigation-policies-steps-develop-performance |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{worldresourcesinstitutendmonitoring, author = {{World Resources Institute}}, title = {{Monitoring Implementation and Effects of GHG Mitigation Policies: Steps to Develop Performance Indicators}}, institution = {World Resources Institute}, url = {https://www.wri.org/research/monitoring-implementation-and-effects-ghg-mitigation-policies-steps-develop-performance}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }