JETP’s Shadow in the Green Energy Supply Chain Conflict on Rempang Island

The report examines the Rempang Eco City project, a National Strategic Project (PSN) in Indonesia's Riau Islands, which is promoted as a green industrial zone for solar panel glass manufacturing. It argues that the project, linked to the Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) framework, has resulted in forced evictions, human rights violations, and the marginalization of indigenous Malay, Orang Laut, and Orang Darat communities. The analysis reveals a lack of transparency in the PSN designation process and suggests that the project is driven by a network of global and local elites, specifically citing the involvement of Xinyi Group and the use of shell companies in the British Virgin Islands to obscure beneficial ownership. The report concludes that the transition to green energy is being used as a cover for land grabbing and corruption, calling for the recognition of customary land rights and a re-evaluation of JETP's social justice criteria.

• The Rempang Eco City project, designated as a National Strategic Project (PSN), has led to severe human rights violations, including forced evictions and violent clashes between security forces and indigenous communities.
• While the Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) is intended to facilitate a fair transition, the report argues that in practice it has exacerbated inequality and the marginalization of indigenous peoples in projects like Rempang Eco City.
• The project's 'green' credentials are contradicted by the plans of the main investor, Xinyi Group, to utilize a 2,500 MW coal-fired power plant for its solar panel glass factory.
• The designation of Rempang Eco City as a National Strategic Project (PSN) was rapid and non-transparent, mirroring other controversial projects like Pantai Indah Kapuk (PIK) 2 and Bumi Serpong Damai (BSD) that are suspected of being linked to political patronage.
• Investigation into the project's ownership suggests the use of shell companies in tax havens to hide the ultimate beneficial owner, specifically identifying Grideye Resources Limited in the British Virgin Islands as the parent company of PT Makmur Elok Graha.
• There is strong evidence of the involvement of Tomy Winata and his son, Adithya Prakarsa Winata, in the project's development, despite Tomy Winata's name being absent from official corporate management documents.
• The project has caused significant distress to the indigenous Malay, Orang Laut, and Orang Darat peoples, who fear the loss of their ancestral lands and cultural identity.
• The report identifies a contradiction where the Riau Islands are being developed as a solar farm for electricity export to Singapore while the local city of Batam suffers from a serious electricity crisis.

APA

Pradana, B., Fahroji, F. R., Yazid, F., Paramesthi, T., & Amali, Z. (2024). JETP’s Shadow in the Green Energy Supply Chain Conflict on Rempang Island. Trend Asia. https://trendasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/JETPs-Shadow-in-the-Green-Energy-Supply-Chain-Conflict-on-Rempang-Island_EN.pdf

Chicago

Pradana, Bagus, Fahmi Rizki Fahroji, Ferdian Yazid, Twina Paramesthi, and Zakki Amali. JETP’s Shadow in the Green Energy Supply Chain Conflict on Rempang Island. Trend Asia, 2024. https://trendasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/JETPs-Shadow-in-the-Green-Energy-Supply-Chain-Conflict-on-Rempang-Island_EN.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Pradana |first1=Bagus |last2=Fahroji |first2=Fahmi Rizki |last3=Yazid |first3=Ferdian |last4=Paramesthi |first4=Twina |last5=Amali |first5=Zakki |title=JETP’s Shadow in the Green Energy Supply Chain Conflict on Rempang Island |publisher=Trend Asia |date=September 2024 |url=https://trendasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/JETPs-Shadow-in-the-Green-Energy-Supply-Chain-Conflict-on-Rempang-Island_EN.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{pradana2024jetps, author = {Pradana, Bagus and Fahroji, Fahmi Rizki and Yazid, Ferdian and Paramesthi, Twina and Amali, Zakki}, title = {{JETP’s Shadow in the Green Energy Supply Chain Conflict on Rempang Island}}, institution = {Trend Asia}, year = {2024}, month = sep, url = {https://trendasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/JETPs-Shadow-in-the-Green-Energy-Supply-Chain-Conflict-on-Rempang-Island_EN.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }