Ambiguitas versus Ambisi: Tinjauan Kebijakan Transisi Energi Indonesia

The report highlights a significant gap between Indonesia's climate commitments and its energy policies, noting a severe oversupply of electricity primarily driven by coal. It argues that the RUPTL 2021-2030 continues to plan for fossil fuel capacity, which contradicts NZE targets. The document further critiques 'new' technologies like biomass and ammonia co-firing, CCUS, and Clean Coal Technology as 'false solutions' that risk extending the lifespan of coal plants rather than accelerating a transition to renewables.

• Indonesia has experienced a significant increase in fossil fuel capacity over the last five years, with over 12 GW added, increasing operating coal plants by 30%, while renewable energy additions lagged at only 1.6 GW.
• As of 2021, Indonesia's power grid suffered from substantial oversupply, with approximately 33% of the 58 GW total installed fossil fuel capacity exceeding demand, resulting in fixed operation and maintenance (FOM) costs of about Rp16 trillion (USD 1.2 billion).
• There is a lack of alignment regarding Net Zero Emission (NZE) targets across Indonesian government entities: PLN and the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) target 2060, the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK) targets 2070, and Bappenas targets 2045.
• The RUPTL 2021-2030 is criticized for being inconsistent with NZE goals, as 50% (19.6 GW) of the 40.6 GW planned for commercialization between 2021 and 2030 relies on fossil fuels, including 13.8 GW from coal.
• Biomass co-firing is viewed as a 'false solution' because the biomass portion is only 15%, leaving 95% of the fuel as coal, which may serve as a justification to extend the operational life of old coal plants.
• Carbon Capture, Usage and Storage (CCUS) and ammonia co-firing are deemed economically unviable and technically unproven in Indonesia, with CCUS potentially reducing plant capacity by 20% to 30% due to high energy consumption.
• Clean Coal Technology (CCT) is described as a myth that does not guarantee the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions or air pollution, as plants still emit CO2, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and particulate matter.

APA

Prasetiyo, A., Suarez, I., Parapat, J., & Amali, Z. (2023). Ambiguitas versus Ambisi: Tinjauan Kebijakan Transisi Energi Indonesia. Trend Asia. https://trendasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/ID_Ambiguitas-versus-Ambisi-2.pdf

Chicago

Prasetiyo, Andri, Isabella Suarez, Jobit Parapat, and Zakki Amali. Ambiguitas versus Ambisi: Tinjauan Kebijakan Transisi Energi Indonesia. Trend Asia, 2023. https://trendasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/ID_Ambiguitas-versus-Ambisi-2.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Prasetiyo |first1=Andri |last2=Suarez |first2=Isabella |last3=Parapat |first3=Jobit |last4=Amali |first4=Zakki |title=Ambiguitas versus Ambisi: Tinjauan Kebijakan Transisi Energi Indonesia |publisher=Trend Asia |date=March 2023 |url=https://trendasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/ID_Ambiguitas-versus-Ambisi-2.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{prasetiyo2023ambiguitas, author = {Prasetiyo, Andri and Suarez, Isabella and Parapat, Jobit and Amali, Zakki}, title = {{Ambiguitas versus Ambisi: Tinjauan Kebijakan Transisi Energi Indonesia}}, institution = {Trend Asia}, year = {2023}, month = mar, url = {https://trendasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/ID_Ambiguitas-versus-Ambisi-2.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }