Energía solar, eólica y comunidades energéticas en Colombia

The report assesses Colombia's solar and wind energy landscape, noting a rise in solar capacity to 9% of the electrical matrix by 2024 but significant challenges for wind energy. It details the government's goal of 20,000 energy communities by 2026 and highlights a 70% drop in renewable investment between 2022 and 2023. The document outlines the legal incentives, financing mechanisms, and the socio-environmental challenges related to equity and community benefits in the energy transition.

• Solar and wind capacity in Colombia grew from 1.5% of the total electrical matrix in 2022 to approximately 9% in 2024, a growth driven exclusively by solar energy.
• Colombia has significant untapped potential for renewables, with onshore and offshore wind estimated at 35 GW and 50 GW respectively, and solar potential reaching 8,000 GW for projects larger than 50 MW.
• The wind energy sector faces significant setbacks, with approximately 1.3 GW of projects discarded across various development phases, including some already under construction.
• The Colombian government aims to establish 20,000 energy communities by 2026 as a means of democratizing energy access.
• Investment in clean energy plummeted by nearly 70% between 2022 and 2023, falling from USD 1,200 million to approximately USD 410.2 million due to capital costs, fiscal incentive changes, and energy price pressures.
• To meet the capacity goals of the National Energy Plan (PEN) 2022-2052 for solar and wind, an investment of up to USD 92.4 billion is required.
• Legal frameworks mandate that energy plants over 10 MW transfer 1% of gross sales to local municipalities; however, for new plants in high-resource areas, this will gradually increase to 6%.

APA

Vega-Araújo, J., Cabré, M. M., & Gil, M. P. (2025). Energía solar, eólica y comunidades energéticas en Colombia. Stockholm Environment Institute. https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/solar-eolica-colombia-sei2025.pdf

Chicago

Vega-Araújo, José, Miquel Muñoz Cabré, and María Paula Gil. Energía solar, eólica y comunidades energéticas en Colombia. Stockholm Environment Institute, 2025. https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/solar-eolica-colombia-sei2025.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Vega-Araújo |first1=José |last2=Cabré |first2=Miquel Muñoz |last3=Gil |first3=María Paula |title=Energía solar, eólica y comunidades energéticas en Colombia |publisher=Stockholm Environment Institute |date=April 2025 |url=https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/solar-eolica-colombia-sei2025.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{vegaarajo2025energa, author = {Vega-Araújo, José and Cabré, Miquel Muñoz and Gil, María Paula}, title = {{Energía solar, eólica y comunidades energéticas en Colombia}}, institution = {Stockholm Environment Institute}, year = {2025}, month = apr, url = {https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/solar-eolica-colombia-sei2025.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }