PGIS Workshops’ Summary Reports 24–25 June 2014, Lushoto Highlands Hotel, Lushoto, Tanzania

This research paper presents the results of multi-stakeholder Participatory GIS (PGIS) workshops held in June 2014 in the Tanga region of Tanzania. The workshops aimed to map small-scale dairy production systems, feed sources, and environmental resources in the Lushoto and Handeni districts to provide data for the CLEANED-VCs environmental assessment framework.

• Dairy production systems differ significantly between the two study districts: Lushoto is dominated by intensive zero-grazing (50–65% of the district area), while Handeni is dominated by extensive grazing (96% of the district area).
• Milk yields vary by district and system; Lushoto farmers average 3–5 litres/cow/day (maximum 8–10), whereas Handeni farmers average 2–3 litres/cow/day (maximum 5–8).
• Feed is primarily grazed or collected rather than purchased, with common sources including natural forage, crop residues (maize, wheat, rice straw), and concentrates sourced from external locations like Dar es Salaam, Arusha, and Morogoro.
• Environmental risks differ by geography: Lushoto faces soil erosion on steep slopes, though this is mitigated by terraces and 'fanya juu' practices; Handeni faces soil compaction and degradation, particularly within a 0.5 km radius of water points due to overgrazing and trampling.
• Water availability in Handeni is managed through seasonal rivers and 39 government-built dams constructed over 10 years to ensure dry season supply, whereas Lushoto relies on permanent rivers and high rainfall.
• To increase milk yields, stakeholders proposed strategies focusing on improving feed variety and conservation (such as hay making), selective breeding via artificial insemination, and expanding infrastructure like milk collection centres and veterinary health centres.
• The report concludes that the smallholder dairy industry is in early development and its direct environmental impact is not currently a local cause for concern, suggesting that yield increases can be achieved through efficiency and education rather than increased resource use.

APA

Morris, J., Fraval, S., Githoro, E., Ran, Y., & Mugatha, S. (2015). PGIS Workshops’ Summary Reports 24–25 June 2014, Lushoto Highlands Hotel, Lushoto, Tanzania. Stockholm Environment Institute. https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/Air-land-water-resources/CLEANED/sei-wp-2015-05-cleaned-lushoto-1411n.pdf

Chicago

Morris, Joanne, Simon Fraval, Edmund Githoro, Ylva Ran, and Simon Mugatha. PGIS Workshops’ Summary Reports 24–25 June 2014, Lushoto Highlands Hotel, Lushoto, Tanzania. Stockholm Environment Institute, 2015. https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/Air-land-water-resources/CLEANED/sei-wp-2015-05-cleaned-lushoto-1411n.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Morris |first1=Joanne |last2=Fraval |first2=Simon |last3=Githoro |first3=Edmund |last4=Ran |first4=Ylva |last5=Mugatha |first5=Simon |title=PGIS Workshops’ Summary Reports 24–25 June 2014, Lushoto Highlands Hotel, Lushoto, Tanzania |publisher=Stockholm Environment Institute |date=February 2015 |url=https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/Air-land-water-resources/CLEANED/sei-wp-2015-05-cleaned-lushoto-1411n.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{morris2015pgis, author = {Morris, Joanne and Fraval, Simon and Githoro, Edmund and Ran, Ylva and Mugatha, Simon}, title = {{PGIS Workshops’ Summary Reports 24–25 June 2014, Lushoto Highlands Hotel, Lushoto, Tanzania}}, institution = {Stockholm Environment Institute}, year = {2015}, month = feb, url = {https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/Air-land-water-resources/CLEANED/sei-wp-2015-05-cleaned-lushoto-1411n.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }