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This 2020 report by the Stockholm Environment Institute analyzes Green Public Procurement (GPP) in Estonia and Europe. It defines GPP as a subset of sustainable procurement focusing on life-cycle environmental impacts. Finding that GPP represented only 3% of Estonian procurements in 2018, the report provides legal analysis, comparisons with countries like Austria, Bulgaria, and Spain, and detailed technical GPP criteria for products such as sanitary faucets, toilets, and urinals to encourage wider adoption.

• Green Public Procurement (GPP) is defined as the procurement of goods, services, and construction works that have a lower environmental impact throughout their life cycle—including production, use, and disposal—compared to other products with the same primary function.
• Sustainable public procurement is the broadest concept, balancing economic, social, and environmental aspects of sustainable development. GPP is a subset of sustainable procurement that focuses exclusively on environmental criteria, while circular procurement is a further subset of GPP focusing on longevity, value, and circular energy and material flows.
• In 2018, environmentally friendly procurements accounted for only 3% of all procurements in Estonia, based on data from the Ministry of Finance's 2018 review and the public procurement register.
• Austria utilizes a voluntary sustainable procurement action plan adopted in 2010 covering 15 product groups. While voluntary overall, the use of these criteria is currently mandatory for ministries by a Council of Ministers decision.
• In Bulgaria, environmental criteria are mandatory specifically for road vehicle procurements, as required by Directive 2009/33/EC. The country has adapted EU GPP criteria for 12 product groups, including computers, copy paper, and road transport.
• Spain has implemented a strategic document titled "Plan for Ecological Public Procurement for State and Autonomous Community Entities 2018–2025," and integrates GPP into its general public procurement law.
• The report establishes specific GPP criteria for sanitary faucets, requiring that they be designed for repairability, with spare parts available for at least five years from the date of purchase.
• Water-efficient toilet criteria include a requirement for dual-flush systems for complete toilets with a full flush volume over 4.0 liters, with the reduced flush volume not exceeding 3.0 liters.
• The report specifies that for both toilets and urinals, a primary criterion for longevity is the provision of a repair or replacement guarantee for at least four years for toilets and three years for urinals, explicitly covering leak-tightness and all valves.

APA

-1 (n.d.). -1. Stockholm Environment Institute. https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/keskkonnahoidlike-riigihangete-analuus-2020.pdf

Chicago

-1. -1. Stockholm Environment Institute, n.d. https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/keskkonnahoidlike-riigihangete-analuus-2020.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=-1 |title=-1 |publisher=Stockholm Environment Institute |url=https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/keskkonnahoidlike-riigihangete-analuus-2020.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{1nd, author = {-1}, title = {{-1}}, institution = {Stockholm Environment Institute}, url = {https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/keskkonnahoidlike-riigihangete-analuus-2020.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }