U pravcu održivog upravljanja otpadnim vodama u Bosni i Hercegovini: saznanja iz Švedske

Bosnia and Herzegovina faces a significant investment gap of 3.5 billion euros to meet EU Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) requirements, with only 20 operational treatment plants currently in place. The report suggests that BiH can leverage Sweden's experience in sectoral knowledge sharing, inter-municipal cooperation, and the use of both centralized and decentralized systems to improve sustainability. Key recommendations include adopting the 2024 Master Plan for Agglomerations, developing entity-level sludge management plans, and bypassing traditional linear models in favor of circular resource recovery for water, nutrients, and energy.

• Bosnia and Herzegovina requires an estimated 3.5 billion euros in investments to meet EU Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) requirements, representing approximately 15% of its 2024 GDP.
• Current wastewater infrastructure in BiH is severely limited, with only 20 operational treatment plants, many of which operate below capacity and suffer from inadequate sludge disposal and maintenance issues.
• The 2024 Master Plan for Agglomerations in BiH identified 338 agglomerations requiring collection and treatment systems, with 96% of the total wastewater load coming from agglomerations subject to EU Directive requirements.
• Sweden utilizes a strict 'polluter pays' principle where households bear all costs for wastewater management through tariffs or connection fees, with average monthly fees of 88 euros for a single-family house and 55 euros for an apartment.
• Sweden's sectoral support is structured through organizations like Svenskt Vatten and knowledge platforms such as VA-guiden and Avloppsguiden, which provide standards, education, and technical support for both public and individual systems.
• Inter-municipal cooperation, exemplified by the NSVA company serving eight municipalities in Skåne, improves economic efficiency and allows smaller municipalities to maintain necessary technical competencies.
• The report identifies potential for inter-entity and inter-cantonal cooperation in BiH to improve efficiency, citing specific pairs such as Istočno Sarajevo (RS) and Sarajevo (FBiH), though political barriers remain significant.
• Infrastructure needs vary by agglomeration structure: centralized solutions are recommended for areas like Halmstad (Sweden) and Živinice (BiH), while decentralized systems are more appropriate for scattered settlements like Örnsköldsvik and Norrtälje (Sweden), Ugljevik, and Gradiška (BiH).
• Sweden has implemented advanced resource recovery through the REVAQ certification for sludge use on agricultural land, increasing usage from 7% in 2002 to over 50% in 2022.
• BiH has a unique opportunity to bypass standard linear wastewater models and directly implement circular solutions that maximize the recovery of water, nutrients, and energy as it builds its primary infrastructure.

APA

Rudberg, P. M., Džajić-Valjevac, M., Ddiba, D., Dagerskog, L., Andersson, K., & Cherni, S. (2026). U pravcu održivog upravljanja otpadnim vodama u Bosni i Hercegovini: saznanja iz Švedske. Stockholm Environment Institute. https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/bih-upravljanje-otpadnim-vodama-sei2026-016.pdf

Chicago

Rudberg, Peter M., Melina Džajić-Valjevac, Daniel Ddiba, Linus Dagerskog, Kim Andersson, and Salwa Cherni. U pravcu održivog upravljanja otpadnim vodama u Bosni i Hercegovini: saznanja iz Švedske. Stockholm Environment Institute, 2026. https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/bih-upravljanje-otpadnim-vodama-sei2026-016.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Rudberg |first1=Peter M. |last2=Džajić-Valjevac |first2=Melina |last3=Ddiba |first3=Daniel |last4=Dagerskog |first4=Linus |last5=Andersson |first5=Kim |last6=Cherni |first6=Salwa |title=U pravcu održivog upravljanja otpadnim vodama u Bosni i Hercegovini: saznanja iz Švedske |publisher=Stockholm Environment Institute |date=June 2026 |url=https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/bih-upravljanje-otpadnim-vodama-sei2026-016.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{rudberg2026pravcu, author = {Rudberg, Peter M. and Džajić-Valjevac, Melina and Ddiba, Daniel and Dagerskog, Linus and Andersson, Kim and Cherni, Salwa}, title = {{U pravcu održivog upravljanja otpadnim vodama u Bosni i Hercegovini: saznanja iz Švedske}}, institution = {Stockholm Environment Institute}, year = {2026}, month = jun, url = {https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/bih-upravljanje-otpadnim-vodama-sei2026-016.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }