Sotsiaalmajanduslike analüüside võimekuse tõstmine ja regionaalne koostöö Läänemere hea keskkonnaseisundi saavutamiseks

This policy brief describes the results of the GES-REG project (2011-2013), which aimed to harmonize the implementation of the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) among Estonia, Finland, Latvia, and Sweden. The document focuses on improving socio-economic analysis (SEA) capabilities and regional cooperation to achieve Good Environmental Status (GES) in the Baltic Sea by 2020.

• The GES-REG project established a foundation for the coordinated implementation of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) among Estonia, Finland, Latvia, and Sweden. It emphasizes that for international coordination, these countries must develop a shared understanding of the general principles for conducting socio-economic analyses (SEA), and exchange information regarding methodologies and practical applications.
• A comparison of initial assessments revealed differences in the analytical approaches used by the four participating countries: Latvia and Sweden utilized an ecosystem services approach, while Estonia and Finland used a marine accounting approach. The document recommends that countries using the same approach further harmonize their methodologies for defining indicators, pressures, and economic activities.
• Case studies in Estonia and Latvia measured public willingness to pay for improving the marine environment to provide data for cost-benefit analyses. Estonian residents expressed a willingness to pay up to 11.21 million euros more per year to achieve GES by reducing oil pollution risks, improving water quality, and limiting alien species. Latvian residents expressed a willingness to pay up to 3.8 million euros more per year to achieve GES through preserving biodiversity, improving water quality, and preventing the spread of invasive alien species.
• The ability to quantitatively analyze the first program of measures is limited by gaps in environmental and economic data. For example, public data from Statistics Estonia is not detailed enough to allow for ecosystem services-based analysis. Consequently, the document recommends a combined approach that integrates qualitative assessments and expert opinions with quantitative evidence.
• An analysis of over 60 international marine environment policy frameworks showed that while these frameworks are well-known, their actual implementation varies significantly by country. Improving the implementation of existing policies could reduce the need for new measures in the marine strategy program of measures.
• The document suggests that the 'business-as-usual' (baseline) scenario should be developed using common general principles to improve consistency. This scenario must consider trends in marine use and the implementation of existing and future policies that would affect the environment if the MSFD were not implemented.

APA

Tuhkanen, H., & Nõmmann, S. (2014). Sotsiaalmajanduslike analüüside võimekuse tõstmine ja regionaalne koostöö Läänemere hea keskkonnaseisundi saavutamiseks. Stockholm Environment Institute. https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/4535.pdf

Chicago

Tuhkanen, Heidi, and Sulev Nõmmann. Sotsiaalmajanduslike analüüside võimekuse tõstmine ja regionaalne koostöö Läänemere hea keskkonnaseisundi saavutamiseks. Stockholm Environment Institute, 2014. https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/4535.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Tuhkanen |first1=Heidi |last2=Nõmmann |first2=Sulev |title=Sotsiaalmajanduslike analüüside võimekuse tõstmine ja regionaalne koostöö Läänemere hea keskkonnaseisundi saavutamiseks |publisher=Stockholm Environment Institute |date=2014 |url=https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/4535.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{tuhkanen2014sotsiaalmajanduslike, author = {Tuhkanen, Heidi and Nõmmann, Sulev}, title = {{Sotsiaalmajanduslike analüüside võimekuse tõstmine ja regionaalne koostöö Läänemere hea keskkonnaseisundi saavutamiseks}}, institution = {Stockholm Environment Institute}, year = {2014}, url = {https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/4535.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }