Dry and Wet Atmospheric Deposition of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Singapore

The study measured nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) levels in aerosols and rainwater in Singapore's Marina catchment area. It found that wet deposition dominated N fluxes, while dry deposition dominated P fluxes, with both showing seasonal variations. The results suggest that atmospheric nutrient concentrations are influenced by both local emissions and transboundary transport, and the N:P ratio of 10.5 indicates a potential tendency toward N-limitation in local aquatic ecosystems.

• For nitrogen species, particularly NO3− and NH4+, wet deposition contributed more to total fluxes than dry deposition, whereas phosphorus species exhibited the opposite trend.
• Total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) wet deposition fluxes peaked in December 2007 and January 2008, while dry deposition fluxes peaked during the inter-monsoon (IM) period.
• Atmospheric nutrient concentrations are influenced by local emissions and transboundary transport from regional sources during different monsoon seasons, with deposition fluxes correlating to meteorological factors.
• The annual total atmospheric deposition flux for the N:P ratio was 10.5, suggesting that Singapore's aquatic ecosystems primarily fed by these nutrients may be N-limited.

APA

Stockholm Environment Institute (2011). Dry and Wet Atmospheric Deposition of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Singapore. https://www.sei.org/publications/dry-and-wet-atmospheric-deposition-of-nitrogen-and-phosphorus-in-singapore/

Chicago

Stockholm Environment Institute. Dry and Wet Atmospheric Deposition of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Singapore. 2011. https://www.sei.org/publications/dry-and-wet-atmospheric-deposition-of-nitrogen-and-phosphorus-in-singapore/.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Stockholm Environment Institute |title=Dry and Wet Atmospheric Deposition of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Singapore |date=1 June 2011 |url=https://www.sei.org/publications/dry-and-wet-atmospheric-deposition-of-nitrogen-and-phosphorus-in-singapore/ |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{stockholmenvironmentinstitute2011dry, author = {{Stockholm Environment Institute}}, title = {{Dry and Wet Atmospheric Deposition of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Singapore}}, institution = {Stockholm Environment Institute}, year = {2011}, month = jun, url = {https://www.sei.org/publications/dry-and-wet-atmospheric-deposition-of-nitrogen-and-phosphorus-in-singapore/}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }