ttp-ghana-brief-1c61be1373e49a8f.pdf

This policy brief, published by Sustainable Energy for All in 2021, analyzes the financial requirements and challenges for Ghana to achieve universal energy access by 2030, focusing specifically on electricity and clean cooking.

• Ghana is on track to meet its government target of 90 percent electricity access by 2030, primarily through grid expansion and international finance. Under a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario, electrification is expected to reach 97 percent by 2030, leaving 370,000 households without access, mostly in remote areas. Achieving universal Tier 1 electricity access requires an additional USD 22 million beyond the BAU scenario, split between USD 10 million for private sector incentives to reach remote areas and USD 12 million to address household affordability.
• Clean cooking access in Ghana remains low, with only 14 percent of the population using Tier 4 clean fuels and 32 percent using improved cookstoves (Tiers 2/3). Under BAU projections, only 18 percent will have Tier 4 access and 40 percent will have Tier 2/3 access by 2030. A full transition from wood and charcoal to clean fuels is estimated to take 50 years or more.
• The financial requirements for universal clean cooking are substantial: achieving 100 percent Tier 4 access requires between USD 10 billion and USD 13 billion, driven by fuel costs, subsidies, and infrastructure like bottling plants and storage. Alternatively, accelerating universal access to Tier 2/3 improved cookstoves (ICS) requires USD 299 million, with USD 146 million needed for the affordability gap and USD 152 million for private sector manufacturing and distribution.
• Major barriers to universal energy access include customer affordability, with 38 percent of the population unable to afford an improved cookstove and 1 percent unable to afford a standalone solar system. Other challenges include the high cost of last-mile delivery in remote areas, limited access to finance and equity for pre-commercial local enterprises, and a government strategy for clean cooking that focuses primarily on LPG and improved cookstoves without a pathway for other clean fuels or carbon finance.

APA

Sustainable Energy for All (2021). ttp-ghana-brief-1c61be1373e49a8f.pdf. https://www.seforall.org/system/files/2021-10/TTP-Ghana-Brief.pdf

Chicago

Sustainable Energy for All. ttp-ghana-brief-1c61be1373e49a8f.pdf. 2021. https://www.seforall.org/system/files/2021-10/TTP-Ghana-Brief.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Sustainable Energy for All |title=ttp-ghana-brief-1c61be1373e49a8f.pdf |date=2021 |url=https://www.seforall.org/system/files/2021-10/TTP-Ghana-Brief.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{sustainableenergyforall2021ttpghanabrief1c61be1373e49a8fpdf, author = {{Sustainable Energy for All}}, title = {{ttp-ghana-brief-1c61be1373e49a8f.pdf}}, institution = {Sustainable Energy for All}, year = {2021}, url = {https://www.seforall.org/system/files/2021-10/TTP-Ghana-Brief.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }