Fairness and Cost-Effectiveness-Based Approaches to Effort-Sharing under the Paris Agreement

This policy brief by the NewClimate Institute presents national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction targets for 2030 and 2050 aligned with the Paris Agreement's temperature goals. It compares two distinct methodologies for distributing these targets: fairness-based approaches, derived from Climate Action Tracker evaluations, and cost-effectiveness approaches, based on marginal abatement cost curves.

• The current national reduction commitments, specifically including those of the European Union and Germany, are inadequate to meet the objectives established by the Paris Agreement.
• The report utilizes two primary frameworks to determine national GHG emissions reductions for 2030 and 2050: fairness-based approaches, which utilize a spectrum of evaluations from the Climate Action Tracker, and cost-effectiveness approaches, which rely on marginal abatement cost curves to create globally cost-effective pathways.
• Comparing fairness and cost-effectiveness approaches allows for the identification of gaps in Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), indicating whether a country should increase ambition based on its mitigation potentials or fair share, and highlighting the need for international support when low-cost reduction potentials mismatch fair share requirements.
• The analysis focuses on a specific group of countries significant to global GHG emissions and international climate policy: Brazil, Canada, China, India, Japan, the United States of America, the EU, and Germany.

APA

NewClimate Institute (2019). Fairness and Cost-Effectiveness-Based Approaches to Effort-Sharing under the Paris Agreement. http://www.newclimate.org/resources/publications/fairness-and-cost-effectiveness-based-approaches-to-effort-sharing-under-the

Chicago

NewClimate Institute. Fairness and Cost-Effectiveness-Based Approaches to Effort-Sharing under the Paris Agreement. 2019. http://www.newclimate.org/resources/publications/fairness-and-cost-effectiveness-based-approaches-to-effort-sharing-under-the.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=NewClimate Institute |title=Fairness and Cost-Effectiveness-Based Approaches to Effort-Sharing under the Paris Agreement |date=2 December 2019 |url=http://www.newclimate.org/resources/publications/fairness-and-cost-effectiveness-based-approaches-to-effort-sharing-under-the |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{newclimateinstitute2019fairness, author = {{NewClimate Institute}}, title = {{Fairness and Cost-Effectiveness-Based Approaches to Effort-Sharing under the Paris Agreement}}, institution = {NewClimate Institute}, year = {2019}, month = dec, url = {http://www.newclimate.org/resources/publications/fairness-and-cost-effectiveness-based-approaches-to-effort-sharing-under-the}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }