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This document is a Terms of Reference (ToR) prepared by Kurrent Technologies Ltd. for the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) to guide an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) for a proposed 1,050MW coal-fired power plant in Lamu County, Kenya. The project, proposed by Amu Power Company Limited, aims to increase Kenya's generation capacity to meet growing electricity demand using super-critical technology.

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  • Amu Power Company Limited (APCL), sponsored by Gulf Energy Limited and Centum Investment Company Ltd., proposes to build a 1,050MW coal-fired power plant in the Kwasasi area of Hindi/Magogoni sub-county, Lamu County, Kenya.
  • The power plant will use super-critical technology to generate a gross electrical output of 1,050MW, with 68.5MW used for internal operations and 981.5MW exported to the national grid via a 400kV transmission line to Nairobi.
  • The Government of Kenya, through the Lapsset Corridor Development Authority (LCDA), has allocated 394.9 hectares (975.4 acres) of land in the Manda Bay area for the project.
  • The project is part of a broader government plan to increase generation capacity from 1,664MW (October 2013) to 6,700MW (by October 2017) to reduce generation capacity costs from US cents 11.30 to 7.41.
  • The ESIA will include specialist studies on thermal plume modeling in Manda Bay, as the plant's once-through seawater cooling system is expected to create a temperature differential of approximately 9°C, exceeding the 3°C limit set by World Bank Group and Kenyan regulations.
  • The ESIA will assess impacts on the Lamu World Heritage Site, specifically Lamu Old Town, which was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2001.
  • The project will generate significant waste, including Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) such as bottom ash, fly ash, and gypsum, which must be managed in a county that currently lacks waste management infrastructure.
  • The construction phase is expected to be a large-scale operation employing over 3,500 workers at its peak.
  • Land acquisition and the resulting Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for Project Affected Persons (PAPs) are the responsibility of the Government of Kenya, not the proponent.
  • The ESIA will be conducted in accordance with Kenyan law (Environment Management and Coordination Act, 1999), African Development Bank (AfDB) Operational safeguards, and International Finance Corporation (IFC) Performance Standards.

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APA
Natural Justice (n.d.). comprehensive-summary-of-the-project-report-tor-fe48b8cee568b2ee.pdf. https://naturaljustice.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Comprehensive-Summary-of-the-Project-Report-TOR.pdf
Chicago
Natural Justice. comprehensive-summary-of-the-project-report-tor-fe48b8cee568b2ee.pdf. n.d. https://naturaljustice.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Comprehensive-Summary-of-the-Project-Report-TOR.pdf.
Wikipedia
{{cite report |author=Natural Justice |title=comprehensive-summary-of-the-project-report-tor-fe48b8cee568b2ee.pdf |url=https://naturaljustice.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Comprehensive-Summary-of-the-Project-Report-TOR.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}
BibTeX
@techreport{naturaljusticendcomprehensivesummaryoftheprojectreporttorfe48b8cee568b2eepdf, author = {{Natural Justice}}, title = {{comprehensive-summary-of-the-project-report-tor-fe48b8cee568b2ee.pdf}}, institution = {Natural Justice}, url = {https://naturaljustice.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Comprehensive-Summary-of-the-Project-Report-TOR.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }

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