TOUJOURS QU’UNE SEULE TERRE : Les leçons de 50 ans de politique de développement durable des Nations Unies

The document examines the framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), highlighting the urgent need to move beyond the status quo to reverse unprecedented biodiversity loss. It details the CBD's three main goals—conservation, sustainable use, and the fair sharing of benefits—and evaluates the impact of related agreements like the Nagoya and Cartagena protocols. The text also addresses the challenges posed by emerging technologies such as synthetic biology and digital sequence information, concluding that the failure to meet Aichi Biodiversity Targets necessitates an ambitious post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework.

• Biodiversity loss is accelerating at an unprecedented rate, with up to one million plant and animal species facing extinction due to habitat loss, agriculture, poaching, pollution, invasive species, and climate warming.
• The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), opened for signature on June 5, 1992, has 196 Parties and focuses on three primary objectives: the conservation of biodiversity, the sustainable use of its components, and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources.
• Agricultural biodiversity has declined sharply over the last century, with an estimated 75% of genetic diversity in agricultural crops lost, leaving 75% of global food production dependent on only 12 plants and five animal species.
• The 2010 Nagoya Protocol established a legal framework for Access and Benefit-Sharing (ABS), extending obligations to include traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources held by indigenous peoples and local communities.
• The 2000 Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety regulates the transboundary movement of living modified organisms (LMOs) using a precautionary approach and an advance informed agreement procedure to prevent adverse effects on biodiversity.
• Emerging technologies like synthetic biology and Digital Sequence Information (DSI) create regulatory dilemmas; specifically, DSI may undermine the Nagoya Protocol if benefits are not shared when scientists use digital data instead of physical genetic samples.
• The international community has failed to fully achieve any of the Aichi Biodiversity Targets, with only six of the twenty goals partially met, which threatens the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals and climate action.

APA

Ph.D., E. T., & Ph.D., A. T. (2020). TOUJOURS QU’UNE SEULE TERRE : Les leçons de 50 ans de politique de développement durable des Nations Unies. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2021-04/still-one-earth-biodiversity-FR.pdf

Chicago

Ph.D., Elsa Tsioumani,, and Asterios Tsioumanis, Ph.D. TOUJOURS QU’UNE SEULE TERRE : Les leçons de 50 ans de politique de développement durable des Nations Unies. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2020. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2021-04/still-one-earth-biodiversity-FR.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Ph.D. |first1=Elsa Tsioumani, |last2=Ph.D. |first2=Asterios Tsioumanis, |title=TOUJOURS QU’UNE SEULE TERRE : Les leçons de 50 ans de politique de développement durable des Nations Unies |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=September 2020 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2021-04/still-one-earth-biodiversity-FR.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{phd2020toujours, author = {Ph.D., Elsa Tsioumani, and Ph.D., Asterios Tsioumanis,}, title = {{TOUJOURS QU’UNE SEULE TERRE : Les leçons de 50 ans de politique de développement durable des Nations Unies}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2020}, month = sep, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2021-04/still-one-earth-biodiversity-FR.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }