Focus on Uganda

The report identifies four critically stressed ecosystem services in Uganda: maintenance of biodiversity, food and fibre provision, water supply, purification and regulation, and fuel provision. These stressors are linked to threats in human well-being, specifically the ability to be adequately nourished, access clean water, obtain energy for cooking and warmth, and earn a livelihood. The analysis highlights regional disparities, noting that while all four regions face these stresses, the Northern region suffers from the highest incidence of poverty and food insecurity, while the Western region shows high rates of child stunting.

• Uganda's biodiversity is declining, with 25 per cent of wildlife becoming extinct due to factors such as deforestation, population growth, poaching, and human encroachment.
• Food and fibre provision is stressed by declining per capita production, which is driven by rapid population growth, soil degradation, and political instability.
• Uganda is projected to experience water stress by 2025, primarily due to the ongoing degradation of wetlands that are essential for water capture and storage.
• Fuel provision is critically stressed as woodfuel comprises 93 per cent of energy consumption, leading to over-exploitation of forests and a negative biomass balance of 3.8 million tons in 1995.
• Malnutrition is a significant threat to human well-being, with 25 per cent of the population living below the food poverty line and high rates of child stunting, particularly in the Western region at 68.5 per cent.
• Access to clean water is uneven, with only 52 per cent of the rural population having access to improved drinking water sources as of 2002.
• Poverty is widespread, with 38 per cent of the population living below the poverty line in 2002–2003, and the highest incidence found in the Northern region at 67 per cent.
• Deforestation and wetland degradation are the most prominent stressors, as they underpin much of the country's biodiversity and water regulation.

APA

Wong, C., Roy, M., & Duraiappah, D. A. K. (2005). Focus on Uganda. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/economics_poverty_uganda.pdf

Chicago

Wong, Carissa, Marlene Roy, and Dr. Anantha Kumar Duraiappah. Focus on Uganda. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2005. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/economics_poverty_uganda.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Wong |first1=Carissa |last2=Roy |first2=Marlene |last3=Duraiappah |first3=Dr. Anantha Kumar |title=Focus on Uganda |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=2005 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/economics_poverty_uganda.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{wong2005focus, author = {Wong, Carissa and Roy, Marlene and Duraiappah, Dr. Anantha Kumar}, title = {{Focus on Uganda}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2005}, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/economics_poverty_uganda.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }