Marco Inclusivo sobre la Tasa Impositiva Mínima Global: Recomendaciones para abordar las condiciones fiscales estabilizadas

This policy brief by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the challenges that 'fiscal stabilization clauses' pose to the implementation of the OECD's Second Pillar global minimum tax. It argues that these clauses, common in developing economies, may prevent governments from raising corporate taxes to the 15% minimum without risking international litigation, and provides recommendations for the OECD's model legislation to mitigate these risks.

• On October 8, 2021, 136 countries agreed to a two-pillar solution to address tax challenges from the digitalization of the economy. The Second Pillar establishes a global minimum effective tax rate of 15% for multinational enterprises, excluding a separate amount of income equal to 5% of total expenses for personnel and tangible assets.
• The Second Pillar utilizes four 'Global Anti-Base Erosion' (GloBE) rules to discourage tax competition: the income inclusion rule (allowing home countries to tax low-taxed foreign subsidiaries), the undertaxed profits rule (complementing the inclusion rule via the 'credit method'), the undertaxed payments rule (allowing host countries to tax payments to foreign affiliates), and the subject to tax rule (prohibiting tax reductions based on tax treaties).
• Fiscal stabilization clauses—found in national laws or investment contracts—limit a government's ability to change tax legislation or require economic compensation for such changes. These clauses are primarily a problem for emerging and developing economies, as few developed countries use them, and they may lead to international lawsuits if governments attempt to align their tax policies with the 15% global minimum.
• The document provides examples of stabilization in West Africa, including a Mali investment code that exempts investors from most taxes for 30 years regardless of new laws, and a mining project contract in a neighboring country that stabilizes the tax regime, including a 10-year tax holiday, for 25 years.
• The IISD recommends that the OECD's model legislation explicitly state that the global minimum tax applies to all investments regardless of stabilization clauses in national laws, investment contracts, or treaties.
• The IISD proposes four specific additions to the OECD's commentary: 1) that good-faith tax adaptations to GloBE rules be considered compliant with investment treaties; 2) that such adaptations not be viewed as arbitrary, discriminatory, or expropriatory; 3) that Inclusive Framework members avoid new stabilization clauses that freeze rates below the minimum; and 4) that multinational enterprises be encouraged to support the review of stabilized provisions.

APA

Bernasconi-Osterwalder, N., Brewin, S., Nikièma, S., Lassourd, T., & Readhead, A. (2021). Marco Inclusivo sobre la Tasa Impositiva Mínima Global: Recomendaciones para abordar las condiciones fiscales estabilizadas. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2022-01/inclusive-framework-agreement-global-minimum-tax-es.pdf

Chicago

Bernasconi-Osterwalder, Nathalie, Sarah Brewin, Suzy Nikièma, Thomas Lassourd, and Alexandra Readhead. Marco Inclusivo sobre la Tasa Impositiva Mínima Global: Recomendaciones para abordar las condiciones fiscales estabilizadas. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2021. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2022-01/inclusive-framework-agreement-global-minimum-tax-es.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Bernasconi-Osterwalder |first1=Nathalie |last2=Brewin |first2=Sarah |last3=Nikièma |first3=Suzy |last4=Lassourd |first4=Thomas |last5=Readhead |first5=Alexandra |title=Marco Inclusivo sobre la Tasa Impositiva Mínima Global: Recomendaciones para abordar las condiciones fiscales estabilizadas |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=November 2021 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2022-01/inclusive-framework-agreement-global-minimum-tax-es.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{bernasconiosterwalder2021marco, author = {Bernasconi-Osterwalder, Nathalie and Brewin, Sarah and Nikièma, Suzy and Lassourd, Thomas and Readhead, Alexandra}, title = {{Marco Inclusivo sobre la Tasa Impositiva Mínima Global: Recomendaciones para abordar las condiciones fiscales estabilizadas}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2021}, month = nov, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2022-01/inclusive-framework-agreement-global-minimum-tax-es.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }