Gestion des déchets miniers : Études de cas du Ghana et du Canada

The case study analyzes mine waste governance in Ghana and British Columbia, highlighting the importance of risk-based frameworks, financial assurances, and corporate accountability. It details Ghana's efforts to formalize artisanal mining and British Columbia's regulatory evolution following the 2014 Mount Polley tailings dam failure.

• Effective mine waste policy requires a comprehensive set of elements, including clear management standards, technical requirements for tailings ponds, corporate accountability, pre-approval review of waste plans, long-term financial risk mechanisms, and sufficient resources for enforcement.
• The Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management (GISTM) 2020 aims for 'zero harm,' meaning operators must have zero tolerance for damage to people and the environment, focusing on the long-term physical and chemical stability of facilities.
• Ghana's mine waste management is supported by a robust planning phase integrated into its Environmental Assessment Act and mining regulations, though it faces challenges in corporate accountability and financial guarantees. The government often accepts financial assurances lower than actual liabilities due to pressures to attract foreign investment.
• To address the high environmental risks of artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM), Ghana launched the Multilateral Mining Integrated Project (MMIP), which utilizes satellite imagery to monitor ASM; data showed an average land conversion of -2,600 ha/year in southwest Ghana between 2005 and 2019.
• The 2014 failure of the Mount Polley tailings dam in British Columbia, caused by an unidentified weak clay layer, led to significant regulatory reforms. These include the mandatory appointment of an independent tailings review board and a designated engineer for all tailings ponds.
• British Columbia has implemented a specialized Mine Audits and Effectiveness Unit to independently verify regulatory performance, supported by a 20 million CAD investment in 2019 to improve regulatory effectiveness and separate compliance/enforcement authority from permitting authority.

APA

Hill, J., & Gillman, M. (2021). Gestion des déchets miniers : Études de cas du Ghana et du Canada. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2023-03/igf-case-study-mine-waste-management-canada-ghana-fr.pdf

Chicago

Hill, Jenifer, and Matthew Gillman. Gestion des déchets miniers : Études de cas du Ghana et du Canada. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2021. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2023-03/igf-case-study-mine-waste-management-canada-ghana-fr.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Hill |first1=Jenifer |last2=Gillman |first2=Matthew |title=Gestion des déchets miniers : Études de cas du Ghana et du Canada |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=2021 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2023-03/igf-case-study-mine-waste-management-canada-ghana-fr.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{hill2021gestion, author = {Hill, Jenifer and Gillman, Matthew}, title = {{Gestion des déchets miniers : Études de cas du Ghana et du Canada}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2021}, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2023-03/igf-case-study-mine-waste-management-canada-ghana-fr.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }