G20 Scorecard of Fossil Fuel Funding

This fact sheet provides a scorecard of fossil fuel funding in India, detailing government support through public finance, state-owned enterprise (SOE) investments, and consumer subsidies. It highlights a trend of increasing public finance and SOE investment despite some reductions in consumer subsidies for fuels.

• Between 2017 and 2019, India provided an average of $44.6 billion in total government support to fossil fuels. This total includes $23.9 billion in induced transfers, $18.5 billion in SOE investment, $2.1 billion in public finance, and $195 million in direct transfers.
• India has seen a significant increase in certain types of fossil fuel support relative to the 2014–2016 average, with public finance increasing by 146% (primarily in fossil fuel-based power) and SOE investment increasing by 38% (primarily in oil and gas production).
• While overall support remains high, India reduced consumer subsidies for kerosene, diesel, and petrol, leading to a 3% drop in government support for fossil fuel consumption compared to the 2014–2016 average.
• There is significant unquantified support for the energy sector, including large bailouts and conditional loans for distressed power distribution utilities to pay coal-powered generators, as well as electricity subsidies for agricultural and residential users.
• Coal India Limited, a state-owned enterprise, is investing $6.75 billion in coal transportation infrastructure to increase domestic production and reduce the need for imports.

APA

Viswanathan, B. (2020). G20 Scorecard of Fossil Fuel Funding. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-11/g20-scorecard-india.pdf

Chicago

Viswanathan, Balasubramanian. G20 Scorecard of Fossil Fuel Funding. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2020. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-11/g20-scorecard-india.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Viswanathan |first1=Balasubramanian |title=G20 Scorecard of Fossil Fuel Funding |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=2020 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-11/g20-scorecard-india.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{viswanathan2020g20, author = {Viswanathan, Balasubramanian}, title = {{G20 Scorecard of Fossil Fuel Funding}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2020}, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-11/g20-scorecard-india.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }