Renforcer le cadre juridique de l’évaluation d’impact environnemental et social (EIES) dans le secteur minier à Madagascar: Questions choisies

The document evaluates Madagascar's legal framework for Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIAs) in the mining sector. While it identifies strengths such as up-to-date environmental texts and established institutions like the Office National pour l'Environnement (ONE), it highlights critical weaknesses. These include broad stability clauses that may freeze outdated laws, the ability of the environment minister to override ONE's technical objections, and a permitting sequence that allows mining licenses to be granted before environmental permits. The report recommends removing or limiting stability clauses, making environmental permits a prerequisite for mining licenses, and increasing public participation during the early stages of ESIA report drafting.

• Madagascar possesses a generally coherent legal framework for ESIAs, with most environmental texts recently updated, including the 2015 revised environmental charter and the 2020 partial revision of the mining code.
• Broad stability clauses in the mining code (Article 154) and the law on large-scale mining investments (LGIM, Article 93) may prevent the state from applying modern environmental and social protections to mining companies.
• The Minister of Environment has the legal authority to override a negative technical opinion from the Office National pour l'Environnement (ONE) and grant an environmental permit regardless.
• Current regulations allow for the issuance of a mining exploitation permit before the environmental permit is granted, which undermines the role of the ESIA in the decision-making process.
• Public participation in the ESIA process is insufficient because local communities are only involved after the promoter's report has been submitted to the government, excluding them from the scoping and drafting phases.

APA

Nikièma, H. S., Naré, C., & Kinda, A. (2023). Renforcer le cadre juridique de l’évaluation d’impact environnemental et social (EIES) dans le secteur minier à Madagascar: Questions choisies. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2023-05/cadre-juridique-eies-secteur-minier-madagascar.pdf

Chicago

Nikièma, H. Suzy, Clémence Naré, and Abas Kinda. Renforcer le cadre juridique de l’évaluation d’impact environnemental et social (EIES) dans le secteur minier à Madagascar: Questions choisies. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2023. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2023-05/cadre-juridique-eies-secteur-minier-madagascar.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Nikièma |first1=H. Suzy |last2=Naré |first2=Clémence |last3=Kinda |first3=Abas |title=Renforcer le cadre juridique de l’évaluation d’impact environnemental et social (EIES) dans le secteur minier à Madagascar: Questions choisies |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=April 2023 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2023-05/cadre-juridique-eies-secteur-minier-madagascar.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{nikima2023renforcer, author = {Nikièma, H. Suzy and Naré, Clémence and Kinda, Abas}, title = {{Renforcer le cadre juridique de l’évaluation d’impact environnemental et social (EIES) dans le secteur minier à Madagascar: Questions choisies}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2023}, month = apr, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2023-05/cadre-juridique-eies-secteur-minier-madagascar.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }