Negociaciones sobre Agricultura en la CM13 de la Organización Mundial del Comercio

The briefing examines the tensions within the WTO's MC13 negotiations, focusing on the need for binding commitments over non-binding declarations. It highlights a proposed export restriction exemption for Least Developed Countries (LDCs) to combat food insecurity and details the deep divisions between developed and developing nations over domestic support and public stockholding of agricultural products.

• Food security is a central focus for MC13, but members disagree on the primary mechanisms to achieve it, with some prioritizing public stockholding, special safeguard mechanisms, domestic support, and cotton, while others emphasize transparency, export restrictions, or market access.
• There is a proposal to create an exemption from export prohibitions or restrictions for Least Developed Countries (LDCs) to ensure they can purchase food for domestic consumption, which would protect them from global price spikes caused by restrictions from major producers.
• LDCs are highly vulnerable to trade restrictions; for instance, the percentage of imported calories affected by restrictions was 29.6% during the 2008 recession, 18.2% during the COVID-19 pandemic, and 26.3% in the early months of the war in Ukraine.
• A significant divide exists regarding public stockholding: developing nations like India and China, along with the G33 and African Group, argue it should be treated as an independent issue, whereas the Cairns Group, the US, and the EU view it as a form of trade-distorting domestic support.
• Developing countries, including India and China, seek to update the methodology for calculating market price support, arguing that the current reference prices from 1986-1988 are outdated and hinder their ability to support producers.
• The African Group, Pakistan, and the C4 cotton producers specifically target subsidies under the 'green box' (paragraphs 5 to 13) as trade-distorting and harmful to developing country producers.
• Non-binding declarations, such as the one from MC12, have proven insufficient; as of mid-October 2023, 75 export restrictions on food, feed, and fertilizers remained in effect globally.

APA

Calvo, F. (n.d.). Negociaciones sobre Agricultura en la CM13 de la Organización Mundial del Comercio. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/es/node/17941

Chicago

Calvo, Facundo. Negociaciones sobre Agricultura en la CM13 de la Organización Mundial del Comercio. International Institute for Sustainable Development, n.d. https://www.iisd.org/es/node/17941.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Calvo |first1=Facundo |title=Negociaciones sobre Agricultura en la CM13 de la Organización Mundial del Comercio |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |url=https://www.iisd.org/es/node/17941 |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{calvondnegociaciones, author = {Calvo, Facundo}, title = {{Negociaciones sobre Agricultura en la CM13 de la Organización Mundial del Comercio}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, url = {https://www.iisd.org/es/node/17941}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }