Reform of Fossil-fuel Subsidies

This report by IISD-GSI provides the Nordic Council of Ministers with options and recommendations for increasing Nordic cooperation to phase out fossil-fuel subsidies in developing countries, highlighting the economic and environmental costs of these subsidies.

• Fossil-fuel subsidies negatively impact sustainable development, government budgets, and the environment by hindering the transition to a low-carbon future, obstructing the growth of renewables, and limiting energy efficiency.
• In 2011, global pre-tax subsidies for fossil fuels were US$480 billion, while post-tax subsidies totaled US$1.9 trillion.
• Reforming subsidies can allow governments to manage budget deficits by redirecting savings toward social spending or the construction of sustainable energy networks.

APA

Merrill,, L. M. (2014). Reform of Fossil-fuel Subsidies. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/reform-fossil-fuel-subsidies-nordic-cooperation-fossil-fuel-subsidy-reform

Chicago

Merrill,, Laura Merrill,Laura. Reform of Fossil-fuel Subsidies. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2014. https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/reform-fossil-fuel-subsidies-nordic-cooperation-fossil-fuel-subsidy-reform.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Merrill, |first1=Laura Merrill,Laura |title=Reform of Fossil-fuel Subsidies |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=23 October 2014 |url=https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/reform-fossil-fuel-subsidies-nordic-cooperation-fossil-fuel-subsidy-reform |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{merrill2014reform, author = {Merrill,, Laura Merrill,Laura}, title = {{Reform of Fossil-fuel Subsidies}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2014}, month = oct, url = {https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/reform-fossil-fuel-subsidies-nordic-cooperation-fossil-fuel-subsidy-reform}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }