Comprehensive Wealth in Ethiopia

Between 1995 and 2020, Ethiopia's comprehensive wealth grew at an average annual rate of 3.3%, with human capital serving as the primary driver. However, real per capita wealth declined in 2018/19 and 2019/20, coinciding with increasing environmental pressures on ecosystems and climate.

• Ethiopia's comprehensive wealth more than doubled between 1995 and 2020, with an average annual growth rate of 3.3%, although it remains very low compared to other nations. Human capital was the primary driver of this growth, representing between 50% and 65% of total wealth.
• There is a misalignment between produced capital and GDP contribution: the manufacturing sector holds the most produced capital despite only accounting for 4% of GDP in 2022, while agriculture contributes approximately 40% of GDP but only receives 8% of produced capital.
• Recent data shows a reversal in wealth trends, with real per capita comprehensive wealth declining in 2018/19 and 2019/20, alongside increasing climate and ecosystem pressures indicated by precipitation, temperature, and land use metrics.

APA

Smith,, M. T. B. (2024). Comprehensive Wealth in Ethiopia. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/comprehensive-wealth-ethiopia

Chicago

Smith,, Mesfin Tilahun,Livia Bizikova,Robert. Comprehensive Wealth in Ethiopia. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2024. https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/comprehensive-wealth-ethiopia.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Smith, |first1=Mesfin Tilahun,Livia Bizikova,Robert |title=Comprehensive Wealth in Ethiopia |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=17 May 2024 |url=https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/comprehensive-wealth-ethiopia |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{smith2024comprehensive, author = {Smith,, Mesfin Tilahun,Livia Bizikova,Robert}, title = {{Comprehensive Wealth in Ethiopia}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2024}, month = may, url = {https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/comprehensive-wealth-ethiopia}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }