Making the Switch: From fossil fuel subsidies to sustainable energy

This report by the Global Subsidies Initiative of IISD and Gaia Consulting, written for the Nordic Council Ministers, estimates global fossil fuel subsidies at USD 425 billion and proposes a "SWAP" concept to redirect these funds toward sustainable energy, energy efficiency, and safety nets.

• Global fossil fuel subsidies are estimated to be approximately USD 425 billion, which the report identifies as significant lost opportunities for government investment in sustainable development, energy efficiency, and renewable energy.
• The removal of consumer subsidies is estimated to reduce global carbon emissions by 6 to 8 per cent by 2050, a result that could be further enhanced by implementing a "SWAP" to transition toward sustainable energy.
• The report introduces the "SWAP" concept, which involves redirecting savings from fossil fuel subsidy reforms into safety nets, energy efficiency, and sustainable energy, providing specific potential outlines for Zambia, Morocco, Indonesia, and Bangladesh.

APA

Tommila,, L. M. B. G. T. G.-L. L. S. G. S. ,. K. (2017). Making the Switch: From fossil fuel subsidies to sustainable energy. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/making-switch-fossil-fuel-subsidies-sustainable-energy

Chicago

Tommila,, Laura Merrill,Richard Bridle,Ivetta Gerasimchuk,Yanick Touchette,Frédéric Gagnon-Lebrun,Lucky Lontoh,Shruti Sharma,Philip Gass,Lourdes Sanchez ,Markus Klimscheffskij,Paula. Making the Switch: From fossil fuel subsidies to sustainable energy. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2017. https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/making-switch-fossil-fuel-subsidies-sustainable-energy.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Tommila, |first1=Laura Merrill,Richard Bridle,Ivetta Gerasimchuk,Yanick Touchette,Frédéric Gagnon-Lebrun,Lucky Lontoh,Shruti Sharma,Philip Gass,Lourdes Sanchez ,Markus Klimscheffskij,Paula |title=Making the Switch: From fossil fuel subsidies to sustainable energy |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=11 May 2017 |url=https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/making-switch-fossil-fuel-subsidies-sustainable-energy |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{tommila2017making, author = {Tommila,, Laura Merrill,Richard Bridle,Ivetta Gerasimchuk,Yanick Touchette,Frédéric Gagnon-Lebrun,Lucky Lontoh,Shruti Sharma,Philip Gass,Lourdes Sanchez ,Markus Klimscheffskij,Paula}, title = {{Making the Switch: From fossil fuel subsidies to sustainable energy}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2017}, month = may, url = {https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/making-switch-fossil-fuel-subsidies-sustainable-energy}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }