Natural Capital in Ethiopia, Indonesia, and Trinidad and Tobago

This policy brief examines natural capital trends in Ethiopia, Indonesia, and Trinidad and Tobago from 1995 to 2020, highlighting a general failure in management and a decline or stagnation in per capita market natural capital stocks since 2008.

• Natural capital management is insufficient in Ethiopia, Indonesia, and Trinidad and Tobago, with all three nations seeing stagnation or decline in per capita market natural capital stocks after the 2008 global financial crisis.
• Market natural capital is heavily concentrated in specific sectors: oil, gas, and minerals in Indonesia and Trinidad and Tobago, and agricultural land in Ethiopia.
• Non-market natural capital across the three countries is threatened by factors including climate change and population increases.

APA

Bizikova,, R. S. (2024). Natural Capital in Ethiopia, Indonesia, and Trinidad and Tobago. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/publications/brief/natural-capital-trends-policy-implications

Chicago

Bizikova,, Robert Smith,Livia. Natural Capital in Ethiopia, Indonesia, and Trinidad and Tobago. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2024. https://www.iisd.org/publications/brief/natural-capital-trends-policy-implications.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Bizikova, |first1=Robert Smith,Livia |title=Natural Capital in Ethiopia, Indonesia, and Trinidad and Tobago |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=23 May 2024 |url=https://www.iisd.org/publications/brief/natural-capital-trends-policy-implications |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{bizikova2024natural, author = {Bizikova,, Robert Smith,Livia}, title = {{Natural Capital in Ethiopia, Indonesia, and Trinidad and Tobago}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2024}, month = may, url = {https://www.iisd.org/publications/brief/natural-capital-trends-policy-implications}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }