Del paisaje a los ecosistemas: funcionamiento a través de las escalas en ambientes cambiantes

The research examines how ecotones are defined by plant functional traits and their vulnerability to climate and human intervention. Findings indicate that while climate warming in the Venezuelan Andes pushes treelines upward, human disturbance can move them downward. In the Gran Chaco, deforestation is driven by land use and increased rainfall. Additionally, the study challenges the assumption that higher CO2 levels always boost plant growth, noting that in Canada and Brazil, this effect is offset by decreasing water availability.

• In the Venezuelan Andes, the boundary between forest and páramo is determined by temperature and its extremes affecting trees and seedling success. While climate warming in the twentieth century has caused the treeline to advance upwards, human disturbance can counteract this trend by favoring páramo species and moving the ecotone downward.
• The Gran Chaco dry forest has experienced 80% deforestation, primarily driven by land use related to remote markets, such as soybeans, and facilitated by an increase in rainfall.
• Increased atmospheric CO2 has enhanced tree productivity in Canada and Brazil, but this effect is counter-balanced by a decrease in water availability, which has led to declining tree growth. This evidence challenges the general assumption that higher CO2 levels invariably increase plant growth.

APA

Sarmiento, G., Rada, F., Sarmiento, L., Acevedo, D., Llambi, L. D., Chacon, E., Schwartzkopf, T., Romero, L., Smith, J., García, C., Cabido, M., Renison, D., Cingolani, A. M., Pillar, V., Dillenburg, L., Behling, H., Roig, F. A., Carretero, E. M., Orloci, L., ... Ablan, M. (2024). Del paisaje a los ecosistemas: funcionamiento a través de las escalas en ambientes cambiantes. Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research. https://iai.int/en/del-paisaje-a-los-ecosistemas-funcionamiento-a-traves-de-las-escalas-en-ambientes-cambiantes-crn-2005/

Chicago

Sarmiento, Guillermo, Fermin Rada, Lina Sarmiento, Dimas Acevedo, Luis Daniel Llambi, Eulogio Chacon, Teresa Schwartzkopf, et al. Del paisaje a los ecosistemas: funcionamiento a través de las escalas en ambientes cambiantes. Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research, 2024. https://iai.int/en/del-paisaje-a-los-ecosistemas-funcionamiento-a-traves-de-las-escalas-en-ambientes-cambiantes-crn-2005/.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Sarmiento |first1=Guillermo |last2=Rada |first2=Fermin |last3=Sarmiento |first3=Lina |last4=Acevedo |first4=Dimas |last5=Llambi |first5=Luis Daniel |last6=Chacon |first6=Eulogio |last7=Schwartzkopf |first7=Teresa |last8=Romero |first8=Liccia |last9=Smith |first9=Julia |display-authors=etal |title=Del paisaje a los ecosistemas: funcionamiento a través de las escalas en ambientes cambiantes |publisher=Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research |date=16 September 2024 |url=https://iai.int/en/del-paisaje-a-los-ecosistemas-funcionamiento-a-traves-de-las-escalas-en-ambientes-cambiantes-crn-2005/ |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{sarmiento2024del, author = {Sarmiento, Guillermo and Rada, Fermin and Sarmiento, Lina and Acevedo, Dimas and Llambi, Luis Daniel and Chacon, Eulogio and Schwartzkopf, Teresa and Romero, Liccia and Smith, Julia and García, Carlos and Cabido, Marcelo and Renison, Daniel and Cingolani, Ana María and Pillar, Valerio and Dillenburg, Lúcia and Behling, Herman and Roig, Fidel A. and Carretero, Eduardo Martinez and Orloci, Lazlo and Anand, Madhur and Ablan, Magdiel}, title = {{Del paisaje a los ecosistemas: funcionamiento a través de las escalas en ambientes cambiantes}}, institution = {Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research}, year = {2024}, month = sep, url = {https://iai.int/en/del-paisaje-a-los-ecosistemas-funcionamiento-a-traves-de-las-escalas-en-ambientes-cambiantes-crn-2005/}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }