Del paisaje a los ecosistemas: funcionamiento a través de las escalas en ambientes cambiantes

This executive summary describes a comparative study of ecotones (transition zones between forested and non-forested sites) across one site in Canada and four in South America. The research examines how climate change, land use, and anthropogenic pressures influence the movement and definition of ecosystem boundaries.

• In the Venezuelan Andes, the boundary between the forest and the páramo is determined by temperature and its extremes, which affect trees and seedling success. While climate warming in the 20th century has seen trees advance upward into the páramo, human disturbance can push the ecotone downward, opposing climatic trends.
• In the Gran Chaco, 80% of the dry forest has been deforested. This loss is primarily driven by land use linked to remote markets, such as soy, and is further enabled by an increase in precipitation.
• Research in Canada and Brazil indicates that while increased atmospheric CO2 has boosted tree productivity, this effect is offset by reduced water availability, leading to a decline in tree growth. This finding contradicts the assumption that higher CO2 levels always increase plant growth.
• In the Sierras de Córdoba, Argentina, recurrent fires are the primary drivers controlling the distribution of mountain forests and grasslands.
• In the high, humid plateaus of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, mosaics of Araucaria forests, scrublands, natural grasslands, and croplands are influenced by climate, geomorphology, fire, and grazing, alongside a history of climatic fluctuations.

APA

Sarmiento, G., Rada, F., Sarmiento, L., Acevedo, D., Llambi, L. D., Chacon, E., Schwartzkopf, T., Romero, L., Smith, J., García, C., Cabido, M., Renison, D., Cingolani, A. M., Pillar, V., Dillenburg, L., Behling, H., Roig, F. A., Carretero, E. M., Orloci, L., ... Ablan, M. (2024). Del paisaje a los ecosistemas: funcionamiento a través de las escalas en ambientes cambiantes. Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research. https://iai.int/es/del-paisaje-a-los-ecosistemas-funcionamiento-a-traves-de-las-escalas-en-ambientes-cambiantes-crn-2005/

Chicago

Sarmiento, Guillermo, Fermin Rada, Lina Sarmiento, Dimas Acevedo, Luis Daniel Llambi, Eulogio Chacon, Teresa Schwartzkopf, et al. Del paisaje a los ecosistemas: funcionamiento a través de las escalas en ambientes cambiantes. Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research, 2024. https://iai.int/es/del-paisaje-a-los-ecosistemas-funcionamiento-a-traves-de-las-escalas-en-ambientes-cambiantes-crn-2005/.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Sarmiento |first1=Guillermo |last2=Rada |first2=Fermin |last3=Sarmiento |first3=Lina |last4=Acevedo |first4=Dimas |last5=Llambi |first5=Luis Daniel |last6=Chacon |first6=Eulogio |last7=Schwartzkopf |first7=Teresa |last8=Romero |first8=Liccia |last9=Smith |first9=Julia |display-authors=etal |title=Del paisaje a los ecosistemas: funcionamiento a través de las escalas en ambientes cambiantes |publisher=Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research |date=16 September 2024 |url=https://iai.int/es/del-paisaje-a-los-ecosistemas-funcionamiento-a-traves-de-las-escalas-en-ambientes-cambiantes-crn-2005/ |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{sarmiento2024del, author = {Sarmiento, Guillermo and Rada, Fermin and Sarmiento, Lina and Acevedo, Dimas and Llambi, Luis Daniel and Chacon, Eulogio and Schwartzkopf, Teresa and Romero, Liccia and Smith, Julia and García, Carlos and Cabido, Marcelo and Renison, Daniel and Cingolani, Ana María and Pillar, Valerio and Dillenburg, Lúcia and Behling, Herman and Roig, Fidel A. and Carretero, Eduardo Martinez and Orloci, Lazlo and Anand, Madhur and Ablan, Magdiel}, title = {{Del paisaje a los ecosistemas: funcionamiento a través de las escalas en ambientes cambiantes}}, institution = {Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research}, year = {2024}, month = sep, url = {https://iai.int/es/del-paisaje-a-los-ecosistemas-funcionamiento-a-traves-de-las-escalas-en-ambientes-cambiantes-crn-2005/}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }