မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ၏ အဆိပ်သင့်နေသော တောင်များ

Global Witness reports that illegal heavy rare earth mining in Myanmar's Kachin Special Region 1 is surging to meet global demand for electric vehicles and wind turbines. The process, driven by Chinese investment and controlled by militias linked to the Myanmar military, causes severe environmental damage, including water poisoning and deforestation. These minerals are primarily exported to Chinese state-owned enterprises, which then supply global manufacturers of permanent magnets.

• Illegal heavy rare earth mining has expanded rapidly in Kachin Special Region 1, becoming one of the world's largest production sites for these elements, which are essential for permanent magnets used in electric vehicles and wind turbines.
• The mining process involves injecting ammonium sulfate into mountains to dissolve minerals, leading to severe environmental degradation, including the risk of mountain collapses, water pollution in the May Kha river (a tributary of the Irrawaddy), and the loss of biodiversity, including endangered red pandas and gibbons.
• Mining operations are controlled by militias, such as those led by Zakhun Tin Yein, who facilitate illegal Chinese investments and may use the proceeds to fund the Myanmar military's atrocities against civilians.
• Chinese state-owned enterprises (SOEs) are heavily dependent on Myanmar for raw materials after closing domestic mines in Jiangxi province due to environmental concerns. China Southern Rare Earth Group is identified as a major importer, reportedly sourcing 70% of its raw materials from Myanmar.
• Local communities face severe health issues, including skin irritation and respiratory problems, and are subjected to violent threats from militias if they oppose the expansion of mining onto their ancestral lands.

APA

Global Witness (n.d.). မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ၏ အဆိပ်သင့်နေသော တောင်များ. https://globalwitness.org/my/campaigns/transition-minerals/myanmars-poisoned-mountains/

Chicago

Global Witness. မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ၏ အဆိပ်သင့်နေသော တောင်များ. n.d. https://globalwitness.org/my/campaigns/transition-minerals/myanmars-poisoned-mountains/.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Global Witness |title=မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ၏ အဆိပ်သင့်နေသော တောင်များ |url=https://globalwitness.org/my/campaigns/transition-minerals/myanmars-poisoned-mountains/ |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{globalwitnessnd, author = {{Global Witness}}, title = {{မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ၏ အဆိပ်သင့်နေသော တောင်များ}}, institution = {Global Witness}, url = {https://globalwitness.org/my/campaigns/transition-minerals/myanmars-poisoned-mountains/}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }