Plataformas tóxicas, planeta em colapso

Global Witness reports that 92% of surveyed land and environmental defenders have suffered online attacks, with Meta-owned platforms (Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram) being the most frequent sites of abuse. These digital attacks often precede or contribute to real-world violence, including physical assaults and criminalization. The report argues that profit-driven algorithms and inadequate moderation resources facilitate this harassment, particularly targeting women through sexualized threats and defenders in the Global South through political criminalization.

• A vast majority of land and environmental defenders experience online harassment, with 92% of survey respondents reporting they have suffered some form of attack or harassment online due to their work.
• Meta-owned platforms are the primary venues for these attacks; 82% of defenders who suffered online abuse reported it occurring on at least one of Meta's three platforms: Facebook, WhatsApp, or Instagram.
• Online harassment frequently serves as a precursor or contributor to physical violence; 75% of defenders who suffered real-world harm believe online attacks contributed directly or partially to those episodes.
• There is a significant regional disparity in platform responsiveness to reports of abuse; 72% of European interviewees received some response to their reports, compared to only 50% of African interviewees.
• The business models of social media platforms, specifically polarising algorithms and the use of bots and trolls, are seen by nearly two-thirds of attacked defenders as factors that aggravate the violence they face.
• Defenders are frequently targeted with accusations of political subversion or criminal activity to delegitimize their work, with 30% of those attacked online reporting they were actually criminalized (e.g., arrested).
• Women defenders face specific gender-based attacks, including sexualized threats and rape threats, which often lead to them withdrawing from online spaces.

APA

Global Witness (2025). Plataformas tóxicas, planeta em colapso. https://globalwitness.org/pt/campaigns/digital-threats/plataformas-toxicas-planeta-em-colapso/

Chicago

Global Witness. Plataformas tóxicas, planeta em colapso. 2025. https://globalwitness.org/pt/campaigns/digital-threats/plataformas-toxicas-planeta-em-colapso/.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Global Witness |title=Plataformas tóxicas, planeta em colapso |date=March 2025 |url=https://globalwitness.org/pt/campaigns/digital-threats/plataformas-toxicas-planeta-em-colapso/ |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{globalwitness2025plataformas, author = {{Global Witness}}, title = {{Plataformas tóxicas, planeta em colapso}}, institution = {Global Witness}, year = {2025}, month = mar, url = {https://globalwitness.org/pt/campaigns/digital-threats/plataformas-toxicas-planeta-em-colapso/}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }