MELACAK RANGKAIAN PROYEK BARU PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK BATU BARA GLOBAL

The report 'Boom & Bust Coal 2023' analyzes the global state of coal-fired power plants in 2022, highlighting a stark divergence between China's surge in new capacity and a general decline in coal development elsewhere. While global operational capacity grew by 19.5 GW, the report notes that nearly one-third of global operational capacity (580 GW) is scheduled for phase-out, though the current pace of closures remains insufficient to meet Paris Agreement goals.

• China is the primary driver of new coal capacity, with its pre-construction and construction capacity increasing by 38% in 2022 (from 266 GW to 366 GW), while capacity in the rest of the world decreased by 20% (from 214 GW to 172 GW). China now accounts for 68% of global capacity currently under construction.
• Global coal capacity under development (including announced, pre-permitting, permitted, and construction) rose to 537.1 GW in 2022, a 12% increase from 2021, primarily led by China. This is a significant drop from the 1,576 GW under development in 2014.
• The pace of coal plant closures is not aligned with Paris Agreement targets. To achieve a 2040 phase-out, an average of 117 GW of operational capacity must be retired annually, which is 4.5 times the capacity retired in 2022.
• In 2022, the United States led coal plant retirements with 13.5 GW closed. Conversely, the European Union saw a slowdown in closures, with only 2.2 GW closed in the last year due to the gas crisis and the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
• The G7 nations hold 15% (323 GW) of the world's operating coal plants and have pledged to phase out unabated coal power and decarbonize most of their electricity sectors by 2035.
• Indonesia's operational coal capacity increased by 9% in 2022, from 39.4 GW to 40.6 GW. The country has 18.8 GW under construction as of late 2022, more than any other country except China and India.
• Indonesia's Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) promised $20 billion in financial assistance in November 2022, aiming for electricity sector emissions to peak by 2030 instead of 2037.
• A significant portion of Indonesia's coal pipeline consists of 'captive' plants (off-grid plants for industry), representing 13 GW (58%) of capacity under construction or pre-construction, primarily serving aluminum smelting and mineral processing for EV batteries.

APA

Global Energy Monitor (2023). MELACAK RANGKAIAN PROYEK BARU PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK BATU BARA GLOBAL. https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2023-Indonesian_11.pdf

Chicago

Global Energy Monitor. MELACAK RANGKAIAN PROYEK BARU PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK BATU BARA GLOBAL. 2023. https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2023-Indonesian_11.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Global Energy Monitor |title=MELACAK RANGKAIAN PROYEK BARU PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK BATU BARA GLOBAL |date=2023 |url=https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2023-Indonesian_11.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{globalenergymonitor2023melacak, author = {{Global Energy Monitor}}, title = {{MELACAK RANGKAIAN PROYEK BARU PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK BATU BARA GLOBAL}}, institution = {Global Energy Monitor}, year = {2023}, url = {https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2023-Indonesian_11.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }