Avaliação do Progresso da Declaração de Nova Iorque sobre Florestas

The 2019 five-year assessment of the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) concludes that the 2020 goals to halve tropical deforestation and restore 150 million hectares of land are likely impossible to achieve. Despite some progress in Indonesia and specific sectoral moratoria, tropical primary forest loss has increased, and global deforestation remains unsustainable, driven largely by agricultural commodities. Restoration efforts have largely occurred outside natural forests, and corporate commitments have stagnated. The report highlights a critical lack of financial investment compared to other climate goals and emphasizes that the reversal of environmental policies in Brazil and the failure to secure indigenous land rights further undermine forest conservation.

• The New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF), endorsed in September 2014 by over 200 entities, set goals to halve tropical deforestation by 2020 and end it by 2030, while restoring 150 million hectares of degraded landscapes by 2020 and 350 million by 2030. As of September 2019, achieving the 2020 goals is considered likely impossible, as tropical deforestation has continued at an unsustainable rate since 2014.
• Tropical forest loss remains severe, with an area the size of the United Kingdom lost annually between 2014 and 2018. Latin America continues to lose the largest annual area of tree cover, and Brazilian Amazon deforestation rates increased by 88 percent in June 2019 compared to June 2018. Tropical primary forest loss increased by 44 percent compared to the 2002–13 period, rising from 3.0 to 4.3 million hectares per year.
• While political will for restoration is high, implementation is lagging. Of the 170.6 million hectares of restoration commitments made by countries, jurisdictions, and companies under the Bonn Challenge as of April 2019, only 18 percent of the 2020 restoration goal (26.7 million hectares since 2000) has been documented as implemented within forests. A case study of the Mekong region indicates that most forest cover gains since 2010 occurred outside of forests (4.7 million hectares) rather than within them (-0.3 million hectares net loss).
• Corporate efforts to eliminate deforestation from supply chains have stagnated over the last three years. Only 8% of companies with existing commitments have a zero-deforestation commitment that covers all operations and supply chains. Implementation is hindered by a lack of agreement on priority actions, limited risk understanding, and unclear financial returns for sustainable activities.
• Financial investment in forests is significantly lower than in other climate mitigation efforts. Green financing for forests is below USD 22 billion, and since 2010, investments to stop deforestation in tropical countries (USD 3.2 billion) represent less than 1.5 percent of the USD 256 billion committed by developed country donors and multilateral institutions for climate change mitigation. Renewable energy received over 100 times more financial commitments than forests.
• Poverty and population growth are key drivers of forest loss in specific regions. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, shifting agriculture accounts for over 25% of all forested lands and 70% of total forest cover loss. In the Congo Basin, the rate of interference in primary forests doubled between 2001 and 2014, correlating with population growth and migration.
• Governance and policy shifts impact forest protection. In Brazil, a change of government in 2019 led to increased deforestation due to the reversal of existing legal and institutional protection structures. Additionally, the document notes that the recognition of land rights for indigenous peoples and local communities is essential, as forests under their governance are better protected over time.

APA

Forest Declaration Assessment (2019). Avaliação do Progresso da Declaração de Nova Iorque sobre Florestas. https://forestdeclaration.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/2019NYDFReport_ES_PT.pdf

Chicago

Forest Declaration Assessment. Avaliação do Progresso da Declaração de Nova Iorque sobre Florestas. 2019. https://forestdeclaration.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/2019NYDFReport_ES_PT.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Forest Declaration Assessment |title=Avaliação do Progresso da Declaração de Nova Iorque sobre Florestas |date=September 2019 |url=https://forestdeclaration.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/2019NYDFReport_ES_PT.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{forestdeclarationassessment2019avaliao, author = {{Forest Declaration Assessment}}, title = {{Avaliação do Progresso da Declaração de Nova Iorque sobre Florestas}}, institution = {Forest Declaration Assessment}, year = {2019}, month = sep, url = {https://forestdeclaration.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/2019NYDFReport_ES_PT.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }