Progress on the New York Declaration on Forests Technical Annexes

The document evaluates five indicators of financial support for reducing forest emissions: international public climate finance, domestic public spending, private sector investment, indigenous peoples' investments, and civil society investments. It finds that while international public finance from OECD countries has increased, there is a critical lack of harmonized global data for domestic and private sector spending. The report highlights the role of payment for ecosystem services (PES) in developing countries and the emerging potential of South-South cooperation, notably China's commitment of US$3.1 billion in climate finance.

• Bilateral Official Development Assistance (ODA) for forest emissions mitigation increased from approximately US$200 million in the early 2000s to nearly US$1 billion in the early 2010s. Between 2002 and 2013, OECD donor countries committed US$6.65 billion in bilateral climate mitigation ODA to the forestry sector in developing countries, representing 72% of all bilateral forestry ODA for that period.
• In 2013, total climate mitigation ODA for forestry committed by OECD countries was US$763.5 million, excluding results-based payments for REDD+. Of this, 62% came from bilateral sources and 62% was reported as grants.
• South-South cooperation is in early stages, but significant commitments are emerging. In September 2015, China announced it would make US$3.1 billion available to support other developing countries in combating climate change via the China South-South Cooperation Fund.
• Domestic public spending in developing countries often rivals or exceeds international donor finance. For example, Mexico contributed US$333 million from its national budget to its Forests and Climate Change Program between 2009 and 2012, and Vietnam's national payment for forest environmental services (PFES) scheme raised US$148 million between 2012 and 2015.
• Private sector investment in sustainable forest commodities is growing but lacks reliable aggregate data. Impact investment grew from US$4.3 billion in 2011 to an estimated US$36 billion in 2013, though forestry and agriculture remain a small portion of these portfolios.
• Indigenous peoples' contributions to forest conservation are significant but difficult to quantify financially. An alliance of indigenous leaders pledged to sustainably manage 400 million hectares of rainforest, an area containing an estimated 85 billion tonnes of CO2.
• Civil society and NGO investments are substantial but lack harmonized reporting. One study estimated that four international NGOs (WWF, Conservation International, The Nature Conservancy, and Critical Ecosystems Partnership Fund) contributed US$100 million to forest conservation in the Amazon Basin between 2007 and 2013.

APA

Forest Declaration Assessment (2015). Progress on the New York Declaration on Forests Technical Annexes. https://forestdeclaration.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/2015Goal8.pdf

Chicago

Forest Declaration Assessment. Progress on the New York Declaration on Forests Technical Annexes. 2015. https://forestdeclaration.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/2015Goal8.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Forest Declaration Assessment |title=Progress on the New York Declaration on Forests Technical Annexes |date=November 2015 |url=https://forestdeclaration.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/2015Goal8.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{forestdeclarationassessment2015progress, author = {{Forest Declaration Assessment}}, title = {{Progress on the New York Declaration on Forests Technical Annexes}}, institution = {Forest Declaration Assessment}, year = {2015}, month = nov, url = {https://forestdeclaration.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/2015Goal8.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }