International resistencia fecunda en agrobiodiversidad comunidades locales en defensa de la diversidad agrícola contra los ogms y la agroindustria

The document analyzes the conflict between corporate biotechnology and local communities defending agricultural diversity. It argues that the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the US government use trade sanctions and neoliberal policies to impose GMOs and monocultures, which lead to genetic erosion, loss of traditional seed varieties, and the displacement of small-scale farmers. Through case studies in Bolivia, Nicaragua, Uruguay, Ecuador, Indonesia, and Canada, it highlights the risks of genetic contamination, the privatization of water and seeds, and the failure of transgenic crops to deliver promised yields. The report concludes by calling for the recognition of food sovereignty, the application of the precautionary principle, and the protection of farmers' rights to save and exchange seeds.

• The World Trade Organization (WTO) is used as a tool by the US government and biotechnology companies to force the global acceptance of GMOs, often treating biosafety measures as "trade-distorting" or "protectionist" barriers.
• In Nicaragua, monitoring revealed that 67% of food aid samples from the World Food Programme (WFP) were positive for transgenic maize, including the Roundup Ready variety not authorized in the EU.
• Bolivia, a center of origin for the potato, faced risks of genetic erosion and the disappearance of traditional cultural practices when the Proinpa Foundation attempted field trials with transgenic potatoes.
• In Uruguay, neoliberal trade liberalization and the WTO Agreement on Agriculture led to the collapse of local bean production, with the country importing 85% of its consumed beans, primarily subsidized products from the US.
• The Pedro Carbo project in Ecuador illustrates the privatization of irrigation water, where high costs for 'technification' and water access threaten to displace small farmers and concentrate land in the hands of agro-exporters.
• Field trials of Bt cotton in Indonesia showed that the transgenic variety was vulnerable to drought and pests, with over 70% of trials yielding results lower than the 3 tons per hectare promised by Monsanto.
• The legal case of Percy Schmeiser in Canada highlights the risk of genetic contamination of conventional crops and the threat to the fundamental right of farmers to save and exchange seeds due to corporate patents.
• The report argues that the 'Green Revolution' model and its 'genetic revolution' successor promote a dependence on corporate inputs, leading to the loss of agrobiodiversity and the erosion of rural cultures.

APA

villarreal, A., lopez, J., sánchez, J., ramos, M. L., sánchez, J. P., silveira, M., améndola, C., chérrez, C., & bohlen, L. (2002). International resistencia fecunda en agrobiodiversidad comunidades locales en defensa de la diversidad agrícola contra los ogms y la agroindustria. Friends of the Earth International. https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/agro_esp.pdf

Chicago

villarreal, alberto, juan lopez, julio sánchez, maría luisa ramos, josé p. sánchez, milton silveira, carmen améndola, cecilia chérrez, and larry bohlen. International resistencia fecunda en agrobiodiversidad comunidades locales en defensa de la diversidad agrícola contra los ogms y la agroindustria. Friends of the Earth International, 2002. https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/agro_esp.pdf.

Wikipedia

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BibTeX

@techreport{villarreal2002international, author = {villarreal, alberto and lopez, juan and sánchez, julio and ramos, maría luisa and sánchez, josé p. and silveira, milton and améndola, carmen and chérrez, cecilia and bohlen, larry}, title = {{International resistencia fecunda en agrobiodiversidad comunidades locales en defensa de la diversidad agrícola contra los ogms y la agroindustria}}, institution = {Friends of the Earth International}, year = {2002}, month = aug, url = {https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/agro_esp.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }