Indian States Electricity Transition

The report evaluates 16 Indian states on their electricity transition across four dimensions: decarbonisation, power system performance, ecosystem readiness, and policy commitments. Karnataka is identified as the top performer across all dimensions, while states like Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal are urged to ramp up efforts. The analysis highlights that many renewable-rich states have significant untapped potential and recommends improving data transparency, strengthening transmission infrastructure, and expanding green market mechanisms to accelerate the transition.

• Karnataka is the highest-performing state across all four dimensions of the clean electricity transition, leading in decarbonising its power sector, power system performance, and ecosystem readiness.
• Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal are among the lowest performers, particularly in decarbonising their power sectors and the performance of their power systems.
• Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu have made significant progress in decarbonising their power systems but show inconsistent progress across other transition dimensions.
• Uttar Pradesh has the highest proportion of aged coal capacity among the studied states, with 35% of its coal power capacity older than 25 years.
• Many renewable energy-rich states are not fully utilizing their potential; for example, Karnataka has installed only 11% and Rajasthan only 7% of their respective renewable energy potentials.
• Haryana is the top performer in policy and political commitment, specifically for avoiding future coal power lock-in and establishing e-waste and battery recycling capacity.
• Gujarat leads in the deployment of grid-level battery storage projects, having commissioned 15 MWh of Solar + BESS and issuing requests for further capacity of 1,250 MWh and 57 MWh.
• There is a critical need for improved state-level data transparency and availability, as the lack of data on parameters like GTAM and open access hindered the study's analysis.

APA

Michael, S. S., Lolla, A., & Garg, V. (n.d.). Indian States Electricity Transition. Ember. https://ember-energy.org/app/uploads/2024/11/Indian-States-Electricity-Transition-22-02-23-1.pdf

Chicago

Michael, Saloni Sachdeva, Aditya Lolla, and Vibhuti Garg. Indian States Electricity Transition. Ember, n.d. https://ember-energy.org/app/uploads/2024/11/Indian-States-Electricity-Transition-22-02-23-1.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Michael |first1=Saloni Sachdeva |last2=Lolla |first2=Aditya |last3=Garg |first3=Vibhuti |title=Indian States Electricity Transition |publisher=Ember |url=https://ember-energy.org/app/uploads/2024/11/Indian-States-Electricity-Transition-22-02-23-1.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{michaelndindian, author = {Michael, Saloni Sachdeva and Lolla, Aditya and Garg, Vibhuti}, title = {{Indian States Electricity Transition}}, institution = {Ember}, url = {https://ember-energy.org/app/uploads/2024/11/Indian-States-Electricity-Transition-22-02-23-1.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }