Mitigación del Metano del Sector de los Residuos

The report identifies municipal solid waste and wastewater as significant contributors to anthropogenic methane emissions, accounting for approximately 12% and 8% respectively. It details how poor waste management leads to health crises, including respiratory diseases from landfill fires and waterborne illnesses from untreated sewage. The document proposes a 'waste hierarchy' approach—prioritizing reduction and reuse—and technical solutions such as anaerobic digestion and landfill gas (LFG) capture. Case studies from Nigeria, Indonesia, India, and the Philippines illustrate the potential for these interventions to reduce premature deaths, create economic value through biogas, and improve sanitation in the Global South.

• The waste sector is a major source of global greenhouse gas emissions, contributing 3% of the total worldwide. Specifically, municipal solid waste accounts for about 12% of anthropogenic methane emissions, while wastewater contributes approximately 8%.
• Methane emissions from waste contribute to the formation of tropospheric ozone, a toxic pollutant linked to cardiovascular diseases, asthma, and premature death. Implementing waste-sector methane reductions could prevent 45,000 ozone-related deaths and 135,000 emergency room visits for asthma annually.
• Poorly managed waste sites pose severe physical and health risks, including toxic smoke from landfill fires and catastrophic landslides. For instance, a garbage landslide in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 2017 resulted in 116 deaths.
• Inadequate wastewater management, particularly the use of pit latrines and open defecation in the Global South, increases the spread of pathogens and diseases such as cholera, typhoid fever, and hepatitis.
• Technical solutions for methane mitigation offer significant co-benefits, such as the production of biogas for energy and the recovery of nutrients for soil quality through composting and anaerobic digestion.
• Nigeria's 2018 National Action Plan aims to recover 50% of landfill methane and reduce methane from open waste burning by 50% by 2030, which is estimated to prevent 7,000 premature deaths from air pollution by that date.
• In the Philippines, the use of Emission Reduction Purchase Agreements (ERPA) has funded the implementation of biogas systems in 70 pig farms and LFG collection systems at the Montalbán and Payatas landfills, mitigating 498,793 tons of CO2.

APA

Nguyen, L., Quintana, A., Rowland, A., & Vegh-Gaynor, G. (2023). Mitigación del Metano del Sector de los Residuos. Global Climate and Health Alliance. https://climateandhealthalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/MethaneReport-Waste-ES.pdf

Chicago

Nguyen, Linh, Amanda Quintana, Amy Rowland, and Gabriel Vegh-Gaynor. Mitigación del Metano del Sector de los Residuos. Global Climate and Health Alliance, 2023. https://climateandhealthalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/MethaneReport-Waste-ES.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Nguyen |first1=Linh |last2=Quintana |first2=Amanda |last3=Rowland |first3=Amy |last4=Vegh-Gaynor |first4=Gabriel |title=Mitigación del Metano del Sector de los Residuos |publisher=Global Climate and Health Alliance |date=August 2023 |url=https://climateandhealthalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/MethaneReport-Waste-ES.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{nguyen2023mitigacin, author = {Nguyen, Linh and Quintana, Amanda and Rowland, Amy and Vegh-Gaynor, Gabriel}, title = {{Mitigación del Metano del Sector de los Residuos}}, institution = {Global Climate and Health Alliance}, year = {2023}, month = aug, url = {https://climateandhealthalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/MethaneReport-Waste-ES.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }