What robust NDCs 3.0 look like, how the next generation of Framework Climate Laws can support them, and the role of parliamentarians and policymakers in translating them into domestic law

The document calls for Parties to the Paris Agreement to submit ambitious NDCs 3.0 by February 2025 and to operationalize these targets through domestic Framework Climate Laws (FCLs). It emphasizes that while NDCs are not legally binding, FCLs can provide the necessary statutory framework, parliamentary oversight, and financial allocation to achieve 1.5°C pathways. The authors outline specific benchmarks for robust NDCs, including economy-wide targets and carbon budgeting, and propose five guiding principles for the next generation of FCLs, focusing on human rights, alignment with the Paris Agreement, and progressive strengthening over time.

• Current Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are collectively insufficient to limit global warming to 1.5°C. The upcoming 'NDCs 3.0', to be submitted in 2025 with ambition extending to 2035, represent a critical opportunity to scale up action.
• Robust NDCs 3.0 should be characterized by economy-wide target setting, carbon budgeting until at least 2035 aligned with 1.5°C, and alignment with Net-Zero Long-term Strategies for 2050 or earlier. G20 countries are specifically called upon to lead in strengthening these targets.
• The authors advocate for a next generation of Framework Climate Laws (FCLs) to translate non-binding NDCs into enforceable domestic law. These laws should be based on five principles: supporting the most vulnerable, aligning with the Paris Agreement, addressing climate drivers (such as fossil fuel phase-out), upholding international legal proceedings, and including mechanisms for progressive strengthening.
• Parliamentarians are identified as essential actors in the energy transition, responsible for incorporating international treaties into domestic law, exercising budgetary powers to allocate resources for climate action, and conducting post-legislative scrutiny to ensure laws remain fit for purpose.
• There has been a significant increase in global climate legislation, growing from 54 laws in 1997 to over 3,000 currently. More than 60 countries now have Framework Climate Laws, and over 90% of the global economy is covered by net-zero policies.

APA

ClientEarth (n.d.). What robust NDCs 3.0 look like, how the next generation of Framework Climate Laws can support them, and the role of parliamentarians and policymakers in translating them into domestic law. https://www.clientearth.org/media/rkoidaqj/cop29_ndcs_joint_statement.pdf

Chicago

ClientEarth. What robust NDCs 3.0 look like, how the next generation of Framework Climate Laws can support them, and the role of parliamentarians and policymakers in translating them into domestic law. n.d. https://www.clientearth.org/media/rkoidaqj/cop29_ndcs_joint_statement.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite press release |author=ClientEarth |title=What robust NDCs 3.0 look like, how the next generation of Framework Climate Laws can support them, and the role of parliamentarians and policymakers in translating them into domestic law |url=https://www.clientearth.org/media/rkoidaqj/cop29_ndcs_joint_statement.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@misc{clientearthndwhat, author = {{ClientEarth}}, title = {{What robust NDCs 3.0 look like, how the next generation of Framework Climate Laws can support them, and the role of parliamentarians and policymakers in translating them into domestic law}}, publisher = {ClientEarth}, url = {https://www.clientearth.org/media/rkoidaqj/cop29_ndcs_joint_statement.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }