Dostęp do wymiaru sprawiedliwości w Polsce

The document serves as an information guide for citizens, lawyers, and NGOs on how to challenge environmental decisions and actions in Poland. It details the three pillars of the Aarhus Convention—access to information, public participation, and access to justice—and explains how these are implemented through Polish law and EU directives. It outlines specific procedures for appealing decisions on environmental information, challenging permits requiring public participation, and seeking liability for environmental damage through administrative, civil, and criminal courts. Additionally, it describes external legal avenues, including the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), the Aarhus Convention Compliance Committee, and the European Court of Human Rights.

• The Aarhus Convention establishes a three-pillar framework for environmental rights: access to information, public participation in decision-making, and access to justice.
• A significant gap in Polish implementation of the Aarhus Convention is the lack of an effective remedy for the return of environmental information requests that are returned without a formal decision (postanowienie).
• The document identifies a lack of judicial control over forest management plans (plan urządzenia lasu) for State Treasury forests, as the Ministry of Environment's approval is considered an internal management activity rather than an administrative decision.
• Environmental liability in Poland is divided into three regimes: administrative (focused on public good and ecological wellbeing), civil (focused on compensation for individual harm), and criminal (focused on repression and prevention).
• The Aarhus Convention Compliance Committee provides a non-judicial mechanism for reporting national non-compliance, though the process is slow, typically taking an average of 4 years to reach findings.
• The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has established that national courts must interpret procedural rules in a way that is consistent with the goals of Article 9(3) of the Aarhus Convention to ensure effective judicial protection.

APA

ClientEarth (2019). Dostęp do wymiaru sprawiedliwości w Polsce. https://www.clientearth.org/media/0fajjsbk/2019-05-17-dostep-do-wymiaru-sprawiedliwosci-w-polsce-informator-ce-pl.pdf

Chicago

ClientEarth. Dostęp do wymiaru sprawiedliwości w Polsce. 2019. https://www.clientearth.org/media/0fajjsbk/2019-05-17-dostep-do-wymiaru-sprawiedliwosci-w-polsce-informator-ce-pl.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=ClientEarth |title=Dostęp do wymiaru sprawiedliwości w Polsce |date=2019 |url=https://www.clientearth.org/media/0fajjsbk/2019-05-17-dostep-do-wymiaru-sprawiedliwosci-w-polsce-informator-ce-pl.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{clientearth2019dostp, author = {{ClientEarth}}, title = {{Dostęp do wymiaru sprawiedliwości w Polsce}}, institution = {ClientEarth}, year = {2019}, url = {https://www.clientearth.org/media/0fajjsbk/2019-05-17-dostep-do-wymiaru-sprawiedliwosci-w-polsce-informator-ce-pl.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }