Seguimiento del cumplimiento de los Estados con los derechos humanos Obligaciones, en el contexto del cambio climático

The document outlines the mechanisms of UN human rights treaty bodies (HRTBs) and provides a strategic framework for climate activists to influence state climate policies. It details the reporting cycle, the role of 'shadow reports' submitted by civil society, and the subsequent 'Concluding Observations' (COBs) issued by committees. While COBs are not legally binding, the guide argues they serve as authoritative guidance that can be leveraged in national advocacy, media campaigns, and litigation. It provides specific examples of recommendations made to countries like Argentina, Norway, and Spain regarding fossil fuels and air pollution.

• Six UN human rights treaty bodies (HRTBs) are identified as most likely to address climate issues: the Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC), the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR), the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), the Human Rights Committee (CCPR), the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD), and the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CDPD).
• The state reporting process typically lasts between 18 and 24 months and involves the submission of information by the state, civil society, and UN agencies, culminating in a public dialogue in Geneva and the publication of 'Concluding Observations' (COBs).
• Although Concluding Observations (COBs) are not legally binding, they provide authoritative guidance for states on treaty compliance and can be used by civil society to strengthen national advocacy and litigation.
• Participating in the state reporting process offers advantages over litigation, including relatively shorter timeframes between information submission and recommendations, and a lack of risk regarding negative precedents.
• The guide highlights specific instances where HRTBs issued climate-related recommendations: Argentina was urged to reconsider large-scale unconventional fossil fuel exploitation via fracking in Vaca Muerta; Australia, Norway, and Canada were criticized for fossil fuel exports; and Sweden and Switzerland were questioned on the regulation of fossil fuel investments by financial actors.
• In Spain, the Committee on the Rights of the Child expressed concern over the impact of coal-fired power plants on children's health and the climate, recommending an impact assessment to design a strategy for regulating maximum atmospheric pollutant emissions.
• The document notes a case in Norway where domestic courts found the state not responsible for emissions from exported oil, but two HRTBs subsequently issued recommendations emphasizing that Norway's human rights responsibility is extraterritorial and does not stop at its borders.

APA

Center for International Environmental Law (2020). Seguimiento del cumplimiento de los Estados con los derechos humanos Obligaciones, en el contexto del cambio climático. https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Seguimiento-del-cumplimiento-de-los-Estados-con-los-derechos-humanos-obligacions-en-el-contexto-de-cambio-climatico_ES.pdf

Chicago

Center for International Environmental Law. Seguimiento del cumplimiento de los Estados con los derechos humanos Obligaciones, en el contexto del cambio climático. 2020. https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Seguimiento-del-cumplimiento-de-los-Estados-con-los-derechos-humanos-obligacions-en-el-contexto-de-cambio-climatico_ES.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Center for International Environmental Law |title=Seguimiento del cumplimiento de los Estados con los derechos humanos Obligaciones, en el contexto del cambio climático |date=January 2020 |url=https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Seguimiento-del-cumplimiento-de-los-Estados-con-los-derechos-humanos-obligacions-en-el-contexto-de-cambio-climatico_ES.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{centerforinternationalenvironmentallaw2020seguimiento, author = {{Center for International Environmental Law}}, title = {{Seguimiento del cumplimiento de los Estados con los derechos humanos Obligaciones, en el contexto del cambio climático}}, institution = {Center for International Environmental Law}, year = {2020}, month = jan, url = {https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Seguimiento-del-cumplimiento-de-los-Estados-con-los-derechos-humanos-obligacions-en-el-contexto-de-cambio-climatico_ES.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }