LAS ETO EN EL CONTEXTO DE LA ECO-DESTRUCCION Y EL CAMBIO CLIMATICO

The document examines how states' extraterritorial obligations (ETOs), as defined by the Maastricht Principles, are essential for regulating transnational corporations and state actions that cause cross-border environmental damage. It highlights the vulnerability of indigenous peoples and environmental defenders, and uses examples such as illegal logging in tropical forests and shipbreaking in South Asia to illustrate the need for international legal accountability. The report further links climate change to threats against human health, global security, and fundamental human rights, advocating for a human-rights-based approach to climate policy.

• The Maastricht Principles clarify that states have extraterritorial obligations (ETOs) to ensure their actions or omissions do not undermine economic, social, and cultural rights (ESCR) beyond their borders, including the obligation to avoid causing harm.
• States are obligated to regulate non-state actors, including transnational corporations, to prevent them from undermining human rights; this is particularly critical for indigenous peoples who face threats from extractive projects.
• Illegal logging in tropical countries is estimated to account for 50% to 90% of total forest production, a problem exacerbated by corruption and a lack of internationally coordinated legal efforts.
• Shipbreaking activities have shifted from developed nations to developing countries like Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan, where 'beaching' processes release toxic chemicals such as asbestos, PCBs, and heavy metals into the environment and human populations.
• Climate change is identified as a threat to global peace and security, contributing to resource competition and conflict, as seen in the case of Darfur, Sudan.

APA

Center for International Environmental Law (2014). LAS ETO EN EL CONTEXTO DE LA ECO-DESTRUCCION Y EL CAMBIO CLIMATICO. https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/ETOs_CC_Espanol_16Jan15.pdf

Chicago

Center for International Environmental Law. LAS ETO EN EL CONTEXTO DE LA ECO-DESTRUCCION Y EL CAMBIO CLIMATICO. 2014. https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/ETOs_CC_Espanol_16Jan15.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Center for International Environmental Law |title=LAS ETO EN EL CONTEXTO DE LA ECO-DESTRUCCION Y EL CAMBIO CLIMATICO |date=December 2014 |url=https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/ETOs_CC_Espanol_16Jan15.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{centerforinternationalenvironmentallaw2014las, author = {{Center for International Environmental Law}}, title = {{LAS ETO EN EL CONTEXTO DE LA ECO-DESTRUCCION Y EL CAMBIO CLIMATICO}}, institution = {Center for International Environmental Law}, year = {2014}, month = dec, url = {https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/ETOs_CC_Espanol_16Jan15.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }