Intellectual Property in the US-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement

This research paper analyzes the intellectual property (IP) provisions of the US-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement, examining the tension between Peru's desire for permanent preferential market access to the United States and concerns from civil society regarding public health and education.

• Peru and other Andean countries sought a trade agreement with the United States primarily to secure permanent and binding preferential access for their exports, which would replace the preferences provided by the Andean Trade Promotion and Drug Eradication Act (ATPDEA). These preferences are seen as necessary to offset regional competitiveness issues including high labor costs, bureaucratic hurdles, limited credit access, and poor transportation infrastructure.
• Civil society and economic actors expressed concerns that the concessions required to maintain trade preferences could harm sensitive economic sectors and restrict Peru's capacity to achieve public policy goals in education and public health. This led to an unprecedented level of involvement from local pharmaceutical companies and civil society groups regarding intellectual property issues, which may have influenced the U.S. Congress's approach to the agreement.

APA

Garcia (2008). Intellectual Property in the US-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement. Center for International Environmental Law. https://www.ciel.org/reports/intellectual-property-bilateral-agreements-and-sustainable-development-intellectual-property-in-the-us-peru-trade-promotion-agreement-garcia-june-2008-2/

Chicago

Garcia. Intellectual Property in the US-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement. Center for International Environmental Law, 2008. https://www.ciel.org/reports/intellectual-property-bilateral-agreements-and-sustainable-development-intellectual-property-in-the-us-peru-trade-promotion-agreement-garcia-june-2008-2/.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Garcia |title=Intellectual Property in the US-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement |publisher=Center for International Environmental Law |date=1 June 2008 |url=https://www.ciel.org/reports/intellectual-property-bilateral-agreements-and-sustainable-development-intellectual-property-in-the-us-peru-trade-promotion-agreement-garcia-june-2008-2/ |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{garcia2008intellectual, author = {Garcia}, title = {{Intellectual Property in the US-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement}}, institution = {Center for International Environmental Law}, year = {2008}, month = jun, url = {https://www.ciel.org/reports/intellectual-property-bilateral-agreements-and-sustainable-development-intellectual-property-in-the-us-peru-trade-promotion-agreement-garcia-june-2008-2/}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }