record-9.1-to-9.2-2e545b1ff54f9d3b.pdf

This executive summary, submitted to Eskom's Board Investment and Finance Committee on 7 March 2014, outlines the capital requirements and risks associated with meeting Minimum Emission Standards (MES). It details a phased financial plan to achieve partial and full environmental compliance, while highlighting the potential for production losses and legal non-compliance at several power stations due to the removal of emission exemptions.

• Eskom has estimated the total capital expenditure (CAPEX) for full compliance with the Minimum Emission Standards at R200 billion in 2013 real terms. This cost includes low NOx burner retrofits or optimisations at 11 power stations, fabric filter plant retrofits and dust handling plant upgrades at 9 power stations, and flue gas desulphurisation (FGD) at 14 power stations, including Medupi but excluding Kusile.
• To achieve 57% of environmental compliance requirements by 2025, Eskom requires R72 billion. This specific plan includes FGD at Medupi, fabric filter plant retrofits at 8 power stations (Grootvlei, Tutuka, Kriel, Matla, Duvha, Lethabo, Kendal and Matimba), and low NOx burner retrofits at 3 power stations (Majuba, Tutuka and Matla).
• For the current business plan (MYPD) period, R8.7 billion is required, of which R3 billion has been approved. The remaining R5.7 billion must be prioritised with other critical projects for Board Investment Committee approval. This funding covers various project development costs and retrofits, including fabric filter bag replacements at Arnot, Camden, Duvha, Majuba and Medupi.
• Eskom faces short-term risks of operating illegally if new Atmospheric Emission Licences issued by April 2014 do not include a grace period, as the removal of exemption provisions may lead to non-compliance with particulate emission limits. Potential load losses include up to 2,000MW at Lethabo Power Station, 1,200MW at Tutuka and Kendal Power Stations, 600MW at Kriel and Grootvlei Power Stations.
• Medium- to long-term risks (2015-2020) include non-compliance with the Minimum Emission Standard by April 2015 and more stringent limits by 2020 regarding NOx, SO2, and particulates. Necessary upgrades would require long outages of up to 150 days per unit and would result in a 20% increase in water consumption for Generation and a 1% increase in CO2 production.
• Eskom has applied for a 5-year postponement of the Minimum Emission Standards compliance timeframes, though this had not been approved as of the document date. The company also notes that public pressure against nuclear and coal could delay environmental authorisations for future new builds.

APA

Centre for Environmental Rights (n.d.). record-9.1-to-9.2-2e545b1ff54f9d3b.pdf. https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Record-9.1-to-9.2.pdf?x21779

Chicago

Centre for Environmental Rights. record-9.1-to-9.2-2e545b1ff54f9d3b.pdf. n.d. https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Record-9.1-to-9.2.pdf?x21779.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Centre for Environmental Rights |title=record-9.1-to-9.2-2e545b1ff54f9d3b.pdf |url=https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Record-9.1-to-9.2.pdf?x21779 |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{centreforenvironmentalrightsndrecord91to922e545b1ff54f9d3bpdf, author = {{Centre for Environmental Rights}}, title = {{record-9.1-to-9.2-2e545b1ff54f9d3b.pdf}}, institution = {Centre for Environmental Rights}, url = {https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Record-9.1-to-9.2.pdf?x21779}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }