2011-copel-makhubela-q403-what-the-acceptable-and-safe-levels-of-uranium-concentrations-in-water-fit-for-human-consumption-b7410c4602b8b48a.pdf

This document is a written reply from the South African Minister of Water and Environmental Affairs to a parliamentary question regarding the government's policy on safe uranium levels in drinking water.

• The South African government adopted the South African National Standards for Drinking Water - SANS 241-1 in June 2011, which aligns with World Health Organisation Guidelines. Under these standards, the acceptable concentration of uranium in potable water is less than or equal to 15 ug/litre.
• Between October 2010 and July 2011, the National Radioactivity Monitoring Programme collected 70 samples of untreated 'raw' water. These samples showed an average uranium level of 50.5 ug/l, with a lowest level of 0.14 ug/l and a highest level of 424 ug/l.
• The National Radioactivity Monitoring Programme tracks 18 'hot spot' sites every two months, specifically areas where gold mining activities are expected to cause higher uranium levels. These include the Free State Goldfields, the Witwatersrand area, and the Crocodile West Marico, Mooi River, and middle Vaal catchments.
• Under the Blue Drop Programme, municipalities are required to maintain water safety plans to monitor risk factors, including uranium levels. For instance, Tlokwe Municipality monitors uranium due to local mining, though current levels remain below the 15 ug/litre standard.

APA

Centre for Environmental Rights (n.d.). 2011-copel-makhubela-q403-what-the-acceptable-and-safe-levels-of-uranium-concentrations-in-water-fit-for-human-consumption-b7410c4602b8b48a.pdf. https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/2011-COPEL-Makhubela-Q403-What-the-acceptable-and-safe-levels-of-uranium-concentrations-in-water-fit-for-human-consumption.pdf?x21779

Chicago

Centre for Environmental Rights. 2011-copel-makhubela-q403-what-the-acceptable-and-safe-levels-of-uranium-concentrations-in-water-fit-for-human-consumption-b7410c4602b8b48a.pdf. n.d. https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/2011-COPEL-Makhubela-Q403-What-the-acceptable-and-safe-levels-of-uranium-concentrations-in-water-fit-for-human-consumption.pdf?x21779.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Centre for Environmental Rights |title=2011-copel-makhubela-q403-what-the-acceptable-and-safe-levels-of-uranium-concentrations-in-water-fit-for-human-consumption-b7410c4602b8b48a.pdf |url=https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/2011-COPEL-Makhubela-Q403-What-the-acceptable-and-safe-levels-of-uranium-concentrations-in-water-fit-for-human-consumption.pdf?x21779 |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{centreforenvironmentalrightsnd2011copelmakhubelaq403whattheacceptableandsafelevelsofuraniumconcentrationsinwaterfitforhumanconsumptionb7410c4602b8b48apdf, author = {{Centre for Environmental Rights}}, title = {{2011-copel-makhubela-q403-what-the-acceptable-and-safe-levels-of-uranium-concentrations-in-water-fit-for-human-consumption-b7410c4602b8b48a.pdf}}, institution = {Centre for Environmental Rights}, url = {https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/2011-COPEL-Makhubela-Q403-What-the-acceptable-and-safe-levels-of-uranium-concentrations-in-water-fit-for-human-consumption.pdf?x21779}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }